There is some error in Mr. Macaulay’s statement, which, as a matter of
history, may be worth correcting. So far from there having been few
aliens, except sovereign princes, admitted into the order, the fact,
save in recent times, is exactly the reverse. The order contemplated
the admission of foreigners, from the very day of its foundation. On
that day, three foreigners were admitted, none of whom was a sovereign
prince. Not one of the foreign sovereigns with whom Edward was in
alliance, nor any of the royal relatives of the Queen, were among the
original companions. The aliens, who were not sovereign princes, were
the Captal de Buch, a distinguished Gascon nobleman, and two bannerets
or knights, who with the other original companions had served in the
expeditions sent by Edward against France.
Again, under Richard II., among the most famous alien gentlemen created
knights of the Garter, were the Gascon soldier Du Preissne; Soldan
de la Tour, Lord of much land in Xaintonge; the Dutch Count William
of Ostervant, who made a favor of accepting the honorable badge; the
Duke of Bavaria (not yet Emperor), and Albert, Duke of Holland, who
was hardly a sovereign prince, but who, nevertheless, may be accounted
as such, seeing that, in a small way indeed, more like a baron than a
monarch, he exercised some sovereign rights. The Duke of Britanny may,
with more justice, be included in the list of sovereign dukes who were
members of the order. Under Henry IV., neither alien noble nor foreign
prince appears to have been elected, but under his successor, fifth
of the name, Eric X., King of Denmark, and John I., King of Portugal,
were created companions. They were the first kings regnant admitted to
the order. Some doubt exists as to the date of their admission, but
none as to their having been knights’ companions. Dabrichecourt is
the name of a gentleman lucky enough to have been also elected during
this reign, but I do not know if he were of foreign birth or foreign
only by descent. The number of the fraternity became complete in this
reign, by the election of the Emperor Sigismund. Under Henry V., the
foreign sovereign princes, members of the order, were unquestionably
more numerous than the mere alien gentlemen; but reckoning from the
foundation, there had been a greater number of foreign knights not
of sovereign quality than of those who were. The sovereign princes
did not seem to care so much for the honor as private gentlemen in
foreign lands. Thus the German, Sir Hartook von Clux, accepted the
honor with alacrity, but the King of Denmark allowed five years to
pass before he intimated that he cheerfully or resignedly tendered
his acceptance. At the first anniversary festival of the Order, held
under Henry VI., as many robes of the order were made for alien knights
not sovereign princes, as for gartered monarchs of foreign birth. The
foreign princes had so little appreciated the honor of election, that
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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