Next we come to the school of Guildsmen, of which that section known as the National Guilds have worked out their theory in the greatest detail. This school says that State Socialism would mean a rigid bureaucracy, and, so far as the workers are concerned, little advance on the capitalistic regime, because the workers would really be in the employment of the State and enjoy little or no voice in the control of industry. On the other hand, they say that the syndicalistic conception is doomed to failure because it makes no provision for including the supervisory, technical, managerial and administrative staff in the industrial organization that controls each industry, nor allows any safeguards for the consuming community against the selfish exercise of monopolies upon which the people are dependent for their necessary commodities and services. Accordingly the National Guildist proposes that the system of craft Trade Unionism that exists in this country should be replaced by industrial Unionism under which all manual workers employed in each industry would be enrolled in a comprehensive Trade Union embracing the whole of the industry, which in course of time would be expanded into an industrial Guild that would also include all the supervisory, technical, managerial and administrative staff, and that this Guild should be entirely responsible for the control and organization of the work of the particular industry. Exactly how the Guilds are to acquire the means of production in each industry is not yet developed; some advocate acquisition by the State for a small payment to the owners and then transference by the State to the Guilds; others the forcible acquisition by the Guilds after such gradually intensive action on the part of the workers as will bring the capitalistic system of organization of the industry to an impasse. A Guild Congress for each industry will regulate the affairs of that industry, and a National Guild Congress of all industries the affairs of all the industries in the country. Prices and other matters in each industry which affect the consumer will be regulated by arrangement between the Guild and local and central organizations representing the consumers, and general matters in all industries affecting the community will be adjusted by negotiations between the National Guild Congress and National Consumers’ Organizations. Those who desire to follow out Guild Socialism both as an industrial and a political conception should read that most interesting and brilliantly written book by Mr. G. D. H. Cole, _Guild Socialism Re-stated_; and investigate the Building Guilds. Nationalization and Democratic Control