The policy of the United States--The Monroe doctrine: its various aspects--Greatness and decadence of the United States--The two Americas, Latin and Anglo-Saxon. CHAPTER IV A POLITICAL EXPERIMENT: CUBA The work of Spain--The North-American reforms--The future. CHAPTER V THE JAPANESE PERIL The ambitions of the Mikado--The Shin Nippon in Western America--Pacific invasion--Japanese and Americans. {24} BOOK VII CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM OF UNITY The foundations of unity: religion, language, and similarity of development--Neither Europe, nor Asia, nor Africa presents this moral unity in the same degree as Latin America--The future groupings of the peoples: Central America, the Confederation of the Antilles, Greater Colombia, the Confederation of the Pacific, and the Confederation of La Plata--Political and economical aspects of these unions--The last attempts at federation in Central America--The Bolivian Congress--The A.B.C.--the union of the Argentine, Brazil, and Chili. CHAPTER II THE PROBLEM OF RACE The gravity of the problem--The three races, European, Indian, and negro--Their characteristics--The mestizos and mulattos--The conditions of miscegenation according to M. Gustave Le Bon--Regression to the primitive type. CHAPTER III THE POLITICAL PROBLEM The _caudillos_: their action--Revolutions--Divorce between written Constitutions and political life--The future parties--The bureaucracy. CHAPTER IV THE ECONOMIC PROBLEM Loans--Budgets--Paper money--The formation of national capital. CONCLUSION AMERICA AND THE FUTURE OF THE LATIN PEOPLES The Panama Canal and the two Americas--The future conflicts between Slavs, Germans, Anglo-Saxons, and Latins--The role of Latin America. INDEX {25} ILLUSTRATIONS HIDALGO GABINO BARREDA GENERAL JOSÉ ANTONIO PAEZ GENERAL FRANCISCO DE MIRANDA (VENEZUELA) SAN MARTIN BOLIVAR IN 1810 BOLIVAR GENERAL JUAN JOSÉ FLORES ARTIGAS GENERAL JOSÉ TADEO MONAGAS GENERAL ANDRES SANTA CRUZ MANUEL PARDO DON NICOLAS DE PIEROLA DON FRANCISCO GARCIA CALDERON OPENING OF CONGRESS, LA PAZ, BOLIVIA COLONEL ISMAEL MONTES JUAN ANTONIO LAVALLEJA RIVADAVIA {26} ROSAS, THE ARGENTINE TYRANT PASEO DE LA REFORMA, CITY OF MEXICO, ON INDEPENDENCE DAY BENITO JUAREZ JOSÉ IVES LIMANTOUR GENERAL PORFIRIO DIAZ THE CATHEDRAL, SANTIAGO, CHILE JOSÉ MANUEL BALMACEDA GENERAL MOSQUERA CLÉMENTE PALMA RICARDO PALMER RUFINO BLANCO FOMBONA (VENEZUELA) MANUEL UGARTE (ARGENTINA) RICARDO ROJAS (ARGENTINA) GOMEZ CARRILLO JOSÉ ENRIQUE RODÓ (URUGUAY) ALCIDES ARGUEDAS (BOLIVIA) MAP [Transcriber's note: The above map (of South America) was omitted from this ebook, being too large (approximately 18"x24") and fragile to scan.] {27} BOOK I _THE FORMATION OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLES_