On a charge averaging 12 per cent. lead and 33 oz. silver per ton, an increase of 3 per cent. in the extraction of lead and 1 per cent. in the extraction of silver would correspond to 25c. and 35c. respectively, reckoning lead at 3.5c. per lb., and silver at 60c. per oz. In this, however, it is assumed that all lead-bearing ores will be desulphurized by this process, which practically will hardly be the case. A good deal of pyrites, containing only a little lead, will doubtless continue to be roasted in Brückner cylinders, and other mechanical furnaces, which are better adapted to the purpose than are the lime-roasting pots. Moreover, a certain proportion of high-grade lead ore, which is now smelted raw, will be desulphurized outside of the furnace, at additional expense. It is comparatively simple to estimate the probable benefit of the Huntington-Heberlein process in the case of smelting works which treat principally a single class of ore, but in such works as those in Colorado and Utah, which treat a wide variety of ores, we must anticipate a combination process, and await results of experience to determine just how it will work out. It should be remarked, moreover, that my estimates do not take into account the royalty on the process, which is an actual debit, whether it be paid on a tonnage basis or be computed in the form of a lump sum for the license to its use. However, in view of the immense tonnage of ore smelted annually for the extraction of silver and lead, it is evident that the invention of lime-roasting by Huntington and Heberlein was an improvement of the first order in the metallurgy of lead. In the case of non-argentiferous galena, containing 65 per cent. of lead (as in southeastern Missouri), comparison may be made with the slag-roasting and blast-furnace smelting of the ore. Here, no saving in cost of roasting may be reckoned and no gain in the speed of the blast furnaces is to be anticipated. The only savings will be in the increase in the extraction of lead from 92 to 98 per cent., and the elimination of matte-roasting, which latter may be reckoned as amounting to 50c. per ton of ore. The extent of the advantage over the older method is so clearly apparent that it need not be computed any further. In comparison with the Scotch-hearth bag-house method of smelting, however, the advantage, if any, is not so certain. That method already saves 98 per cent. of the lead, and on the whole is probably as cheap in operation as the Huntington-Heberlein could be under the same conditions. The Huntington-Heberlein method has replaced the old roast-reaction method at Tarnowitz, Silesia, but the American Scotch-hearth method as practised near St. Louis is likely to survive.