Leaders of the People: Studies in Democratic HistoryClayton, Joseph
History
Leaders of the People: Studies in Democratic History
Clayton, Joseph
Democracy; Great Britain -- History
The bishops assembled round the sick king’s bed would not hear the
refusal. Here was religion well nigh destroyed in England, and evil
rampant, and the Church of God stricken almost to death, and at such a
time was Anselm to prefer his own ease and quiet to the call to deliver
Canterbury from its bondage? By main force they placed a pastoral staff
within his hands, and while the crowd shouted “Long live the bishop!”
he was “carried rather than led to a neighbouring church.” The king
at once ordered that Anselm should be invested with all the temporal
rights of the see, as Lanfranc had held them, and in September, 1093,
Anselm was enthroned at Canterbury, and in December he was consecrated.
Anselm warned the bishops and nobles when they forced the archbishopric
upon him that they were making a mistake. “You have yoked to the plough
a poor weak sheep with a wild bull,” he said. “This plough is the
Church of God, and in England it has been drawn by two strong oxen, the
king and the Archbishop of Canterbury, one to do justice and to hold
power in the things of this world, the other to teach and govern in the
things eternal. Now Lanfranc is dead, and with his untamed companion
you have joined an old and feeble sheep.”
That the king and the archbishop were unevenly yoked was manifest on
William’s recovery, but it was no poor sheep with whom Rufus had to
deal, but a man as brave and steadfast as he was gentle and wise.
Trouble began at once when William rose from his sick-bed. Anselm was
now enthroned and no attempt was made to revoke the appointment. But
the king’s promises of public amendment were broken without hesitation.
The pardoned prisoners were seized, the cancelled debts redemanded and
the proceedings against offenders revived.
“Then was there so great misery and suffering through the whole realm
that no one can remember to have seen its like in England. All the evil
which the king had wrought before he was sick seemed good by the side
of the wrong which he did when he was returned to health.”
The king wanting money for his expedition against his brother, Robert
of Normandy, tried to persuade Anselm to allow the Church lands,
bestowed since Lanfranc’s death on vassals of the crown on tenure of
military service, to remain with their holders. He was answered by
steady refusal. Had Anselm yielded, he would have been a party to the
alienation of lands, that, as part of the property of the see, he was
bound to administer for the common good; he would have been a party not
only to the spoiling of the Church, but to the robbery of the poor and
needy, whose claims, in those days, to temporal assistance from Church
estates were not disputed. Any subsequent restitution of such lands
was impossible, he foresaw, if it was shown that the archbishop had
confirmed what the king had done.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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