Leaders of the People: Studies in Democratic HistoryClayton, Joseph
History
Leaders of the People: Studies in Democratic History
Clayton, Joseph
Democracy; Great Britain -- History
The undisputed high character of Cade’s followers is all against the
portrait painted by the government after his death; when, anxious to
blacken the good name of so resolute a leader, it was made out that he
was merely a disreputable ruffian. The landowners of Kent and Sussex
would never have accepted for their captain a mere swashbuckling
blackguard. They rallied to him as a Mortimer, seeing in him a
likeness to Richard, Duke of York.[72] If his real name was Cade, then
he was probably a squire or yeoman, for Cade was no uncommon name round
Mayfield and Heathfield in Sussex, and Cades were landed proprietors
near Reigate as late as the seventeenth century.
It was enough that, chosen Captain of Kent, Cade, or Mortimer, was
known and trusted as a brave, upright man of good character and
ability.[73] Whether descended from nobles or of good Sussex stock
was a small matter to men in earnest for the changes and reforms the
country needed.
Ashford was the heart of the rising, and from Ashford the host marched
to Blackheath, where, at the beginning of June, the camp was fixed. The
army, estimated at 46,000, included 18 esquires, 74 county gentlemen,
and some five clerks in holy orders, who were presently joined by the
Abbot of Battle, the Prior of Lewes, and twenty-three county gentlemen
from Sussex.
Cade at once explained that they must deal directly with the king if
they were to get relief from their present burdens, and then set to
work to draw up the bill of “the complaint and requests” of the commons
of Kent, while the rank and file laboured “to dyke and stake the camp
all about, as it had been in the land of war.”
But war had not yet been declared, and for the present discipline was
loose in the camp at Blackheath.[74] “As good was Jack Robin as John at
the Noke, for all were as high as pig’s feet; until the time that they
should come and speak with such states and messengers as were sent unto
them. Then they put all their power into the man that was named captain
of all their host.”
On June 7th the king was at Smithfield with 20,000 soldiers, and
messengers were promptly despatched to Blackheath to know the meaning
of the insurrection. Cade answered by showing the petition he had drawn
up, and mentioned that they had assembled “to redress and reform the
wrongs that were done in the realm, and to withstand the malice of them
that were destroyers of the common profit, and to correct and amend the
defaults of them that were the king’s chief counsellors.” He then sent
off the “bill of complaints” to the king and to the parliament then
sitting at Westminster, “and requested to have answer thereof again,
but answer he had none.” The “complaint” was received with contempt,
and the opinion of the king’s counsellors was that “such proud rebels
should rather be suppressed and tamed with violence and force than with
fair words or amicable answer.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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