Leaders of the People: Studies in Democratic HistoryClayton, Joseph
History
Leaders of the People: Studies in Democratic History
Clayton, Joseph
Democracy; Great Britain -- History
The following day the bulk of the commons departed from Southwark for
their farms and cottages in Kent and Surrey and Sussex. Cade watched
them go. His own mind was made up. Not till parliament should give him
a pardon of indisputable legality would he lay down his arms. With a
small band of followers he set off for Rochester, sending what goods
and provisions he had by water.
The rising was at an end, and nothing more was heard in parliament, or
elsewhere, of the famous charter of “complaints” and “requests.”
With the break-up of the insurgent army, the government woke to
activity. Alexander Iden was appointed sheriff of Kent, and marrying
Crowmer’s widow, subsequently gained considerable profit. Within a week
the king’s writ and proclamation, declaring John Cade a false traitor,
was posted throughout the countryside, and Cade, defeated in an attempt
to get possession of Queenborough Castle, was a fugitive with the
reward of 1,000 marks on his head, alive or dead, and with Sheriff Iden
in hot pursuit.
Near Heathfield, in Sussex, Iden came up with his prey, early on
Monday, July 13th.
Cade died fighting. A broken man, worn and famished, friendless and
alone, he still had his sword. The spirit of Mortimer, Captain of
Kent, flickered up in the presence of his enemies--it were better to
die sword in hand fighting for freedom than to perish basely by the
hangman. So Cade fought his last fight in the Sussex garden, and fell
mortally wounded, overpowered by the sheriff and his men.
In all haste Iden sent off the dead body to London; it was identified
by the hostess of the White Hart, and three days later the head was
stuck on London Bridge. The body was quartered and portions sent to
Blackheath, Norwich, Salisbury, and Gloucester, for public exposure.
The sheriffs of London, upon whom the gruesome task fell of despatching
these remains, complained bitterly of the cost of this proceeding,
“because that hardly any persons durst nor would take upon them the
carriage for doubt of their lives.”[81]
Iden got his 1,000 marks reward, besides getting the governorship of
Rochester Castle, at a salary of £36 per annum.
Cade was “attainted of treason” by act of parliament, and all his
goods, lands, and tenements made forfeit to the crown. A year later
another act of parliament made void all that had been done by Cade’s
authority during the rising.
In January, 1451, Henry VI. went into Kent with his justices, and this
royal visitation was known as the harvest of heads; for in spite of
Cardinal Kemp’s pardons, twenty-six men of Canterbury and Rochester
implicated in the rising were hanged.
So the last echoes of the rising died away, and corruption and
misgovernment remained. But the commons of Kent and their captain had
done what they could, and in the only way that seemed possible, to get
justice done, and their failure was without dishonour.
Sir Thomas More and the Freedom of Conscience
1529–1535
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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