Lectures on ancient ethnography and geography, volume 1 (of 2) : $b comprising Greece and her colonies, Epirus, Macedonia, Illyricum, Italy, Gaul, Spain, Britain, the north of Africa, etc.Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
History
Lectures on ancient ethnography and geography, volume 1 (of 2) : $b comprising Greece and her colonies, Epirus, Macedonia, Illyricum, Italy, Gaul, Spain, Britain, the north of Africa, etc.
Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
Ethnology; Geography, Ancient; History, Ancient
The historical importance which we can attach to this division is
extremely small. We might indulge in speculations about the causes which
may have led the author of the Catalogue to make this division, and there
is much that might seem to recommend such speculations. It would not be
difficult to show that this Catalogue was composed at Sparta and belonged
to what is called the Lycurgian recension, because it assigns favourable
boundaries to Sparta and unfavourable ones to Argos, but this would
certainly be an abuse of historical speculation.
With the Homeric division, we may compare another ante-Doric division
of which traces have come down to us;[10] it differs greatly from the
Homeric, and in all essential points agrees with that which became
established in consequence of the Doric migration. Aegialos, afterwards
called Achaia, is described as the country of the Ionians with its twelve
towns; the remainder of the empire of Agamemnon and that of Diomedes
already form one whole; Triphylia is separated from the Pylian kingdom
of the Nelids and added to Arcadia, and the remainder of the kingdom of
Nestor is united with that of Menelaus.
In regard to the division of Argolis Proper there are some difficulties.
Homer says:—
Οἳ δ’ Ἄργος τ’ εἶχον Τίρυνθά τε τειχιόεσσαν.
The ancients are of opinion that Diomedes and Sthenelus ruled at Argos,
and that Argos along with Tiryns was their capital. The historical
explanations in the Scholiasts and Eustathius are extremely poor;
still, however, among what are called the Little Scholia, we find Argos
in this line explained to mean Peloponnesus, and this opens quite a
different view from that commonly entertained. It is inconceivable that
Argos and Mycenae, the two capitals of two kingdoms, should have been
only forty-three stadia, scarcely five English miles, distant from each
other; and it is an equally unaccountable fact that scarcely anything is
mentioned about Argos in the ancient legends. The above verse, therefore,
must probably be taken as a general beginning of the description of
Peloponnesus, to which is added a special account of the kingdom of
Tiryns, as a reference to what afterwards follows:—
Νῦν δ’ αὖ τοὺς ὅσσοι τὸ Πελασγικὸν Ἄργος ἔναιον,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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