Lectures on Modern historyActon, John Emerich Edward Dalberg Acton, Baron
History
Lectures on Modern history
Acton, John Emerich Edward Dalberg Acton, Baron
History, Modern
to the Republic he presented it with his suit of armour, which is
still conspicuous at the Arsenal, the helmet still displaying the
famous feather, changed to a melancholy yellow. Henry induced both
parties to yield something of their extreme attitude, and prevented a
collision. No such conflict has ever since occurred in Europe.
The other great event in his foreign policy was his protectorate of
the Netherlands. By his influence, pursued through an intricate
negotiation, the twelve years' truce was concluded. Spain would not
consent to a permanent treaty, and when the Thirty Years' War broke
out, again fought with her ancient enemy. It was during this truce
that the best-known events of Dutch history occurred--the Synod of
Dort, the suppression of the Republicans and Arminians by Maurice of
Nassau, when he put Olden Barnevelt to death, and compelled the most
illustrious of all Dutchmen, Grotius, to make his escape packed in a
box of books.
After some years of prosperous tranquillity, Henry IV found himself
the first personage in Europe. He had done much for the army,
something for the finances and the national wealth. He was watching
for an opportunity to break the power of the Habsburgs, which
surrounded him everywhere, and threatened Amiens, not a hundred miles
from Paris. He relied on Protestant alliances, and did not despair of
the Pope. From Sully's Memoirs, and also from other sources, we learn
the lines upon which he schemed to remodel the map of Europe. The
Memoirs are not written by Sully himself, and have been tampered with.
The Grand Design was never executed, never even attempted, and need
not be discussed. Henry boasted to the Spanish ambassador that he
would lose no time over Italy; that he would breakfast at Milan, hear
mass at Rome, and dine at Naples. "Then," said the Spaniard, "you will
be in time for vespers in Sicily." Before starting for his expedition
Henry had his queen crowned, that she might act as regent in his
absence. On his way to arrange the ceremony of her entrance into
Paris he met his death. Rumours of a plot had reached him and made
him nervous. While the conspirators were watching for him to pass, a
solitary fanatic, Ravaillac, drove a knife between his ribs, and gave
a respite to the House of Austria.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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