Legal Chemistry: A Guide to the Detection of Poisons, Examination of Tea, Stains, Etc., as Applied to Chemical JurisprudenceNaquet, Alfred
Science
Legal Chemistry: A Guide to the Detection of Poisons, Examination of Tea, Stains, Etc., as Applied to Chemical Jurisprudence
Naquet, Alfred
Chemistry, Forensic; Poisons
If, finally, an ammoniacal solution of nitrate of silver has been
employed to cause the coloration, the hair is immersed, for some time,
in a dilute solution of cyanide of potassium, and the fluid subsequently
examined for silver. In case a portion of the salt has been converted
into the sulphide, it will be difficult to restore the original color,
as the removal of this compound is not easily effected.
_The hair has been decolorized._
Black hair can be bleached by means of chlorine-water, the various
shades of the blonde being produced by the more or less prolonged action
of the reagent. In this case, the odor of chlorine is completely removed
only with great difficulty, and the hair is rarely uniformly
decolorized. The expert may therefore be able to observe indication that
will greatly assist him in arriving at a definite conclusion. The hair
should be carefully examined up to the roots: if several days have
elapsed since the decolorization has been performed, the lower portion
of the hair will have grown and will exhibit its natural color. No
method has yet been proposed that restores the original color to
bleached hair. It is very possible, however, that this end would be
attained by allowing nascent hydrogen to act upon the decolorized hair.
For this purpose, it would be necessary to immerse it in water
containing some sodium amalgam, and slightly acidulated with acetic
acid.
DETERMINATION OF THE NATURE OF THE HAIR.
In examinations of this character use is made of the microscope. The
hair to be examined is suspended in syrup, oil, or glycerine and placed
between two thin glass plates. Human hair is sometimes cylindrical;
sometimes flattened. It consists either of a central canal, or of a
longitudinal series of oblong cavities which contain oily coloring
matter, and possesses the same diameter throughout its entire length.
The brown hair of the beard and whiskers, medium-sized chestnut hair,
the hair of a young blonde girl, and the downy hair of a young man
possess respectively a diameter of 0.03 to 0.15; 0.08 to 0.09; 0.06; and
0.015 to 0.022 millimetres. These exhibit on the surface slightly
projecting scales, which are irregularly sinuous at the border,
separated from each other by a space of about 0.01 m.m., and are
transparent, whatever may be their color.
The hair of ruminants is short and stiff, and is characterized by
containing cavities filled with air. Wool, however, forms an exception,
as it consists of entire hairs, homogeneous in appearance and possessing
imbricated scales, which bestow upon it the property of being felted.
The hair of the horse, ox and cow never exceeds 12 m.m. in length, and
is tapering, its diameter gradually diminishing from the base. It is
perfectly opaque, and does not appear to possess a central canal; has a
reddish color, and frequently exhibits lateral swellings, from which
small filaments occasionally become detached, in the same manner as a
twig separates itself from the parent branch.
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