Seven Cities (island), 68, 188; Antillia and, 69; Brazil (island) and, 68; on Desceliers map of 1546, 75; home of Portuguese refugees, 71; later reappearance as an island, 75; mainland location, 74; name in the Azores, 78; on Ortelius map of 1570, 75 Shepherd, Thomas, 177 Shetland, 131, 181 Ships, early, 2 Skraelings, 111 Solberg, T., 57, 161 Soley, J. C., 30, 31 Spanish Friar. _See_ Book of the Spanish Friar Stefánsson (Sigurdr) map of 1590 (?), Greenland on, 106; Helluland, Markland, and Vinland on, 116; reproduction (ill.), 107 Stevens, John, 73 Stevenson, E. L., “Atlas of Portolan Charts,” 74, 141, 147; “Facsimiles of Portolan Charts,” 57, 86, 155; “Maps Illustrating Early Discovery,” 117, 140; “Marine World Chart of Nicolo de Canerio Jannensis,” 146; “Portolan Charts,” 27 Stokafixa, 185 Stokes, Whitley, 34 Storm, Gustav, 111, 184 Strabo, 42, 169 Straumey, 188 Straumfiord, 188 Submarine banks, 24 Sylvanus map of 1511, Brazil (island) on, 65 Tachylyte, 23 Termier, Pierre, on Atlantis, 14; theory of ancient Atlantic continent, 19, 21, 23 Thevet, André, 169 Thorláksson map of 1606, reproduction (ill.), 98 Tobago, 99 Torfaeus’ “Gronlandia,” 96–97, 98, 106, 107, 116 Toscanelli, Paolo, 69, 144 Trouvères, 36 Tulloch, Captain, 100 Uzielli, Gustavo, 45, 57, 70, 86, 151, 172, 183 Valsequa map of 1439, 57 Van Keulen’s chart of 1795, 177 Vespucius, 10 Vignaud, Henry, “Columbian Tradition,” 10; on the Toscanelli letter, 144 Vinland, 188; Hovgaard’s suggestion, 119 Vlaenderen and Mayda, 89 Weare, G. E., 68 Weimar map (after 1481), Antillia on, 150, 159 Westropp, T. J., “Brasil,” 26, 34, 36, 60, 61, 96; “Early Italian maps,” 54; on submerged lands near Iceland, 25 Wiars, Thomas, 175 Wineland the Good, 116. _See also_ Vinland Winsor, Justin, 59, 60, 65, 85, 89, 132, 178 Wonderstrands, 116, 188 World map in portolan atlas of about 1508, Antiglia on, 147; Iceland on, 141; reproduction of section (ill.), opp. 74; Seven Cities (island) on, 74 Yule, Sir Henry, 53 Zaltieri map of 1566, 61, 87, 98, 132 Zeno, Antonio and Nicolò, 9, 124 Zeno, Nicolò, the younger, 124, 134, 135, 143 Zeno map of 1558, Finland and Iceland on, 141; Greenland on, 105, 139; Icaria on, 142; reproduction (ill.), 126 Zeno narrative, account of the book, 124; brief summary, 135; discrepancies of the fisherman’s story, 133; geographical implication, 129; Lucas’ study, 137; Major’s study, 136; Markland and, 122; narrative quoted, 128 * * * * * * Transcriber’s note: Punctuation, hyphenation, and spelling were made consistent when a predominant preference was found in the original book; otherwise they were not changed.