Letters from a Sûfî TeacherManiri, Sharaf al-Din Ahmad ibn Yahya
Islamic
Letters from a Sûfî Teacher
Maniri, Sharaf al-Din Ahmad ibn Yahya
Sufism -- Early works to 1800
The Prophet has restricted the use of contemplation to the Works
of God, not to His Nature and Attributes. Thinking on God may soon
end in unbelief. In order that thought may work, its object must be
limited, and the Divine Nature and Attributes are unlimited. Hence a
student should contemplate on the objects of Creation, noticing their
[relative] permanence and impermanence, and realising the position and
changes of each in its phenomenal aspect. He will thus be led to the
knowledge of the Creator. Hence the Seeker should [while not neglecting
outward activities, holy recitations and other duties] contemplate from
time to time on Creation--Seeing the Wisdom of the Creator therein--,
on his desires, on the heart and the body; he should enquire into his
stages from the beginning of Creation to its end, and study his own
character. His contemplation should be in conformity with Religion,
based upon knowledge and experience, and irrespective of considerations
of gain and loss, so that he may develop insight. Right contemplation
achieves in a short time the results of long practice and worship. The
Prophet has said, "Contemplation for an hour is better than [formal]
worship for sixty years."
As the range of the _outer_ vision differs with different men, so is
it the case with _insight_, or the _inner_ vision. Some see as far as
Heaven, some as far as the Divine Throne. A few have the _perfect_
insight which pierces through all Creation to the Creator.
The end of contemplation is the advancement of knowledge and the
acquisition of wisdom. When the heart develops knowledge and wisdom,
there is a change in its condition. With that change, there comes a
change in conduct as well, and the man _turns_. With the _turning_,
he begins to tread the Path. Treading attracts him to God. _Then_ a
current of Divine attraction may carry him to a stage inaccessible to
men and genii by exertion and asceticism....
If thou longest and dost not succeed, be not dejected; for, as the
Great Lord has said, "Asking is for men, acceptance for God."--_Letter
60._
RENUNCIATION.
The _first_ duty incumbent upon a Seeker is the practice of =Tajrîd=
and =Tafrîd=. The one is to quit present possessions; the other, to
cease to care for the morrow. The _second_ duty is seclusion, outer and
inner. Outer seclusion consists in flying from the world and turning
thy face to the wall, in order that thou mayest give up thy life on the
Divine threshold; inner seclusion consists in cleansing the heart of
all thoughts connected with the non-God, whether the non-God be earth
or heaven.
The _third_ duty is at-onement in speech and thought, which consists
in ceasing to speak and think of the non-God. The _fourth_ duty is
the practice of moderation in speech, food and sleep, since this
triad supports the desire-nature. Too much speaking is a bar to holy
recitations; too much sleep interferes with meditation; too much food
brings on inertia and checks the performance of duties.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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