Life and literature in the Roman republicFrank, Tenney
History
Life and literature in the Roman republic
Frank, Tenney
Latin literature -- History and criticism; Rome -- Intellectual life
Such were the effects of the puritanic, anti-Greek reaction supported
by Cato. It doubtless did some harm to the drama by precluding the
official recognition that might have encouraged better workmanship; it
cast a shadow of disapproval over the more delicate forms of literature
which were associated in thought with Greece; it must bear some of the
blame for the fact that the century after Cato is a period of prosaic
nationalistic literature in which no man of real genius appears.
Direct contact with the decadent Greeks of the day soon destroyed the
sentimental respect that the great literature of classical Greece had
created.
Meanwhile, however, a social change was in progress which eventually
affected literary production and the literary market at many points,
and particularly the drama and prose. I refer especially to the silent
movement which before the end of the second century had largely
eliminated the free middle classes, substituting for them a slave
economy of unusual proportions. When the Second Punic War began, though
there were not a few rich nobles who lived in the city enjoying the
fruits of country estates, the majority of the citizens were land-owning,
working farmers of the type that we have known so well in our central
and western states. At that time there was much free farm labor. Slave
labor was also used to some extent, but since these slaves were usually
of Italic race and thinly distributed they were well treated, indeed
they were regarded as members of the family, as was customary with farm
hands among the pioneers of our west. Such slaves usually were put in the
way of some property with which they could buy their freedom; and with
freedom came full citizenship.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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