Life and literature in the Roman republicFrank, Tenney
History
Life and literature in the Roman republic
Frank, Tenney
Latin literature -- History and criticism; Rome -- Intellectual life
But even if the Sicilian performances offered suggestions of how to
stage comedies and tragedies without choruses it seems to have been
the Romans who made the old classics conform to the new method and
in doing so greatly enlarged rather than diminished the scope of the
musical accompaniment. The second reason for this increase in songs
seems to me, therefore, to lie in the need for music to help carry the
new meters which dramatic writing demanded. Latin had been as poor in
meters as early English was later. The chief drudge of all work had been
the Saturnian verse, a form unfit for either sustained narrative or for
realistic dialogue. Its line was slow and reflective. It had been used
for ritual song, for funeral elegy, for lullabies, for gnomic poetry, and
apparently also for lampoons; but it was as unfit for the drama as Ennius
had found it to be for epic narration. There was also apparently a lively
marching verse, the quadratus, the meter with which we are familiar from
the trochaic tetrameters of the Greeks and from the lines of Tennyson’s
_Locksley Hall_:
With the standards of the peoples plunging through the thunder storm.
At least critics are now ready to accept the remark of Horace that lines
like
Rex erit qui recte faciet, qui non faciet, non erit,
were sung in the days of old Camillus. Whenever we happen to have a
fragment of a soldier’s song quoted in Latin it is in this quick step:
Ecce Caesar nunc triumphat, qui subegit Gallias.
That meter had possibilities in the drama, and it was very freely used,
though it doubtless had to be weaned away from its boisterous military
associations. For rapid action and excitement it served well. It appears
that early tragedy felt that it belonged to music and used it in lyric
passages, in recitative chants as well as in dramatic speeches. Naevius
was very fond of it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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