Life Movements in Plants, Volume IBose, Jagadis Chandra
Science
Life Movements in Plants, Volume I
Bose, Jagadis Chandra
Growth (Plants); Plants -- Irritability and movements
1. The maximum excitability of _Mimosa_ is attained between 1 and
3 P.M., and remains constant for several hours. In connection
with the constancy of response at this period, it should be
remembered that when the response is at its maximum a slight
increase of excitability cannot further enhance the amplitude of
response.
2. The excitability, generally speaking, undergoes a continuous
decline from evening to morning, the response being practically
abolished at or about 8 A.M.
3. From 8 A.M. to 12 noon, the excitability is gradually enhanced
in a staircase manner, till the maximum excitability is reached
after 1 P.M.
I have obtained numerous records in support of these conclusions,
some of which are reproduced in the following figures. In these cases
responses to uniform stimuli at intervals of half an hour were taken at
different parts of the day, the recorder employed being of the Resonant
type.
_Mid-day record: Experiment 20._--The record of daily periodicity
previously given shows that the excitability reaches its maximum after
12 noon, and that it remains constant at the maximum value for several
hours. This fact is fully borne out in the following record obtained
with a different specimen (Fig. 24). The responses were taken here from
noon to 3 P.M., once every half-hour.
[Illustration: FIG. 24. Mid-day record from noon to 3 P.M. exhibiting
uniform excitability. Responses taken once every half-hour.]
_Evening record: Experiment 21._--The record given in Fig. 23 shows
that the amplitude of response falls continuously after 6 P.M. It
might be thought that the diminished amplitude in the first part may
be due to the natural nyctitropic fall of the leaf. The range of the
pulvinar movement being limited, it is clear that the extent of the
responsive fall must become smaller on account of the natural fall of
the leaf during the first part of the night. That this is not the whole
explanation of the decline of response in the evening will be clear
from certain facts which I will presently adduce. It was stated that
the leaf of _Mimosa_ exhibits nyctitropic fall from 6 to 9 P.M., after
which there is a reverse movement of erection. In certain specimens,
however, the erectile movement commenced as early as 6 P.M. It is
obvious that in these latter cases diminution of amplitude of response
cannot be due to the reduction of the range of movement of the leaf.
In Fig. 25 is given a series of records from 6 to 10 P.M. obtained
with a leaf in which erectile movement had commenced early in the
evening. Though the full range of responsive movement was in this case
available, yet the amplitude of successive responses is seen to undergo
continuous diminution.
[Illustration: FIG. 25. Evening record from 6 to 10 P.M., showing
gradual depression of excitability.]
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