CHAP. XXXIV.--Death of Pitt--He is succeeded by Fox as Prime Minister--Negotiation with France--The Earl of Lauderdale sent to Paris as the British Negotiator--Negotiation broken off, in consequence of the refusal of England to cede Sicily to France--Temporizing Policy of Prussia--An attempt made by her to form a Confederacy in opposition to that of the Rhine, defeated by Napoleon--General Disposition of the Prussians to War--Legal Murder of Palm, a Bookseller--The Emperor Alexander again visits Berlin--Prussia begins to arm in August 1806, and after some Negotiation, takes the field in October, under the Duke of Brunswick--Impolicy of the Plans of the Campaign--Details--Action at Saalfeld--Battle of Auerstadt, or Jena, on 14th October--Duke of Brunswick mortally wounded--Consequences of this total Defeat--Buonaparte takes possession of Berlin on the 25th--Situations of Austria and Prussia, after their several Defeats--Reflections on the fall of Prussia, 137 CHAP. XXXV.--Ungenerous Conduct of Buonaparte to the Duke of Brunswick--The approach of the French Troops to Brunswick compels the dying Prince to cause himself to be carried to Altona, where he expires--Oath of revenge taken by his son--At Potsdam and Berlin, the proceedings of Napoleon are equally cruel and vindictive--His Clemency towards the Prince of Hatzfeld--His Treatment of the Lesser Powers--Jerome Buonaparte--Seizure of Hamburgh--Berlin Decrees against British Commerce--Napoleon rejects all Application from the Continental Commercial Towns to Relax or Repeal them--Commerce, nevertheless, flourishes in spite of them--Second anticipation called for of the Conscription for 1807--The King of Prussia applies for an Armistice, which is clogged with such harsh Terms, that he refuses them, 162