Little Masterpieces of Science: Health and Healing
History
Little Masterpieces of Science: Health and Healing
Medicine -- History
Encouraged by his success Wells went to Boston, wishing to enlarge the
reputation of his discovery and to have an opportunity of giving the gas
to some one undergoing a surgical operation. Dr. J. C. Warren, the
senior Surgeon of the Massachusetts General Hospital, to whom he applied
for this purpose, asked him to show first its effects on some one from
whom he would draw a tooth. He undertook to do this in the theatre of
the medical college before a large class of students, to whom he had,
on a previous day, explained his plan. Unluckily, the bag of gas from
which the patient was inhaling was taken away too soon; he cried out
when his tooth was drawn; the students hissed and hooted; and the
discovery was denounced as an imposture.
Wells left Boston disappointed and disheartened; he fell ill, and was
for many months unable to practice his profession. Soon afterwards he
gave up dentistry, and neglected the use and study of the nitrous oxide,
till he was recalled to it by a discovery even more important than his
own.
The thread of the history of nitrous oxide may be broken here.
The inhalation of sulphuric ether was often, even in the eighteenth
century, used for the relief of spasmodic asthma, phthisis, and some
other diseases of the chest. Dr. Beddoes and others thus wrote of it:
but its utility was not great, and there is no evidence that this use of
it had any influence on the discovery of its higher value, unless it
were, very indirectly, in its having led to its being found useful for
soothing the irritation produced by inhaling chlorine. Much more was due
to its being used, like nitrous oxide, for the fun of the excitement
which its diluted vapor would produce in those who freely inhaled it.
The beginning of its use for this purpose is not clear. In the _Journal
of Science and the Arts_, published in 1818 at the Royal Institution,
there is a short anonymous statement among the "Miscellanea," in which
it is said, "When the vapor of ether mixed with common air is inhaled,
it produces effects very similar to those occasioned by nitrous oxide."
The method of inhaling and its effects are described, and then "it is
necessary to use caution in making experiments of this kind. By the
imprudent inspiration of ether a gentleman was thrown into a very
lethargic state, which continued with occasional periods of intermission
for more than thirty hours, and a great depression of spirits; for many
days the pulse was so much lowered that considerable fears were
entertained for his life."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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