Londinium, Architecture and the CraftsLethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
History
Londinium, Architecture and the Crafts
Lethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
England -- Antiquities, Roman; London (England) -- Antiquities, Roman; Romans -- England -- London
There is another stone in the British Museum which also probably formed
part of a Jove and Giant column (Fig. 55). This was found at Great
Chesterford, an important Roman site in Essex. It is described as a
“Basin with bas-reliefs of the Roman deities.” These figures have long
ago been identified as four of the seven gods of the days of the week
(Thos. Wright). The fragment was made into a basin in modern times; it
is really half of an octagon, and on the top surface appear the sinkings
for two big cramps which linked this to an adjoining similar stone (Fig.
56). For what is known of it, see Roach Smith’s account in _Collectanea
Antiqua_ and the _Journal of the Archæological Association_, vol. iii.
In the latter it is said that it is irregular and not semi-octagonal;
but the breaking down of the upper part into the recesses which contain
the reliefs gives the appearance of irregularity—that is all. The
octagon was 3¾ ft. in diameter. One of the sides was blank. One-half of
this blank side remains, and also half of the opposite side, which
retains enough of the sculpture to show that the figure carried a spear
over the right shoulder. The next figure, going clockwise, was Mercury;
he had a mantle over his left shoulder and carried his wand; points
remaining by his hair show that his cap was winged. The third figure was
Jove, a mature figure with broad breast, bearded head, and long hair.
The fourth figure, who carried a hand-mirror, was Venus. These figures
agree very closely with a set of the planets arranged in similar order
on a mosaic floor found at Bramdean, and by this comparison it is
evident that the one with a spear was Mars. The eighth, or blank, side
followed the figure of Venus, so that the series must have begun with
Saturn, in the Roman way. We may now say that the eight sides contained
figures of the Deities of the Days in proper order: Saturn, Sol, Luna,
Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus.
[Illustration:
FIG. 56.
]
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