Londinium, Architecture and the Crafts — John Shaqi
Londinium, Architecture and the CraftsLethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
History
Londinium, Architecture and the Crafts
Lethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
England -- Antiquities, Roman; London (England) -- Antiquities, Roman; Romans -- England -- London
Espèrandieu illustrates two stones from a very similar monument found in
France at D’Yzeures (iv. p. 136). These are the halves of an octagon
about 3 ft. 7 in. across which was built up in courses. One of the
stones comes from a lower course, the other from an upper. The vertical
joints ran from an angle to an angle so that they should not cut through
the sculptures on the sides. These reliefs were “possibly the Divinities
of the Days of the Week.” We have also in England remnants of a similar
sculptured octagon which was built up in courses. These are in
Northampton Museum, and are illustrated in _V.C.H._ One of two stones
shows the tops of the heads of a series of figures, the other stone has
their feet. They are described as “Two fragments of an octagonal
monument having figures in shallow niches, possibly the Deities of the
Days of the Week” (Haverfield, vol. i. p. 181). Both these stones were
of little height, the upper one only contained the crowns of the heads
of the figures and flat curves forming the tops of the niches (compare
Fig. 56).
We are now in a position to restore the Chesterford octagon (Fig. 56).
The heads of the figures on the stone in the British Museum are not
complete, for a bed joint runs just over the eyes, and the crowns of the
heads must have been on another stone, as at Northampton. Two other
courses, at least, beneath what is represented by the existing fragment,
would have been required to complete the figures, and indeed their feet
were possibly on a narrow base-course, as at Northampton. The
Chesterford stone and the fragments at Northampton must represent
important Jove and Giant pillars. The size of the former, it should be
observed, seems most suitable for a column shaft of about 2½ ft. in
diameter, the size of the lattice column represented by the fragment in
the British Museum (Fig. 54), which probably, as said above, was itself
part of a Jove and Giant column. There is thus high probability that
there were important Jove and Giant columns, having pedestals sculptured
with the Deities of the Days, at London, Chesterford and Northampton. If
this is so, such columns must have been frequently erected in Britain,
and we may look for evidences for the existence of others.
[Illustration:
FIG. 57.
]
In vol. iii. of _Collectanea_ Roach Smith illustrated a small highly
decorated column found at Wroxeter, 13 in. in diameter. It was similar
to the Cussy column in having a lattice pattern below and a scale
pattern above. Here and there were little relief subjects—a Cupid and a
youthful Bacchus with grapes. This was probably part of another Jove and
Giant column, or at least of a single sepulchral column; there would
hardly have been more than one so decorated.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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