London (Ancient and Modern) from the Sanitary and Medical Point of ViewPoore, George Vivian
History
London (Ancient and Modern) from the Sanitary and Medical Point of View
Poore, George Vivian
Medicine -- England -- London -- History -- 19th century; Sanitation -- England -- London -- History -- 19th century
It is very interesting to follow the course of these old streams, and
it will be found that the explanation of the circuitous course of some
streets (such, for example, as Marylebone Lane), is explained by their
following the line of a forgotten rivulet. Nothing can give us a better
idea of the change which has come over London than to go into the City
and search for Walbrook or Langbourne, or to come west and look for
the Tybourne at the end of Conduit Street and follow its course thence
to Piccadilly. I hope that those who amuse themselves by taking such
a walk as I have advised, will ponder well upon how much we have lost
by being obliged to cover them, and why we were obliged to cover them,
and will take a lesson from these reflections. If he does that his time
will not be wasted.
In a district so intersected by pure streams, it was an easy matter
to have a well of good water, and throughout London there were many
such wells. Good water, in fact, abounded on every side, and it
is noteworthy that the Romans have left us no remains of gigantic
aqueducts, such as they knew well how to construct; for the very good
reason that they were not necessary.
The first public waterworks were the Conduits in Cheapside and
Cornhill. Those in Cheapside were supplied by the Tybourne, the water
of which was captured near what is now Stratford Place, and conducted
to the City in leaden pipes. Lamb’s Conduit was another, the name of
which remains. This was at Holborn Bridge (a bridge over the Fleet),
and its water came from fields near the Foundling Hospital. There were
many other Conduits, and it must be borne in mind that local names
ending in _well_ generally indicate the position of a neighbouring
water source.
When these watercourses were open London was a very different place.
The Lord Mayor kept his pack of hounds in those days, and in Aggas’s
map, made in the reign of Elizabeth, one may see the “dogge house” in
Finsbury Fields, for the Lord Mayor was Lord of the Manor of Finsbury,
and here he had his kennels, and frequently he would go a hunting, and
when he made his tour of inspection of the Conduit heads at Tybourne,
he took his pack with him and combined business with pleasure. Strype
records that in 1562 they hunted a hare here, and having dined at the
Suburban Banqueting House in Stratford Place, they started out again
after dinner and killed a fox. How much inspection the watercourses
received on these occasions is not certain.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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