[17] Thomas Wright says the Billings, a Saxon people, settled at Billingsgate, and Mr. W. H. Stevenson derives the name from Billing, a Saxon name. [18] There is probably some fact at the bottom of this story: perhaps the sword of St. Paul was carved on the Bishop's Gate. According to Geoffrey, the older Belinus had been placed in a golden urn on Billingsgate. [19] Robert of Gloucester. [20] See the story of Lludd in the Mabinogion. [21] _English Hist. Rev._ vol. ii. [22] _Episcopal Succession._ [23] _Celtic Britain_, p. 124. [24] C. F. Keary, _Vikings_. [25] Asser. [26] Asser. [27] See Ramsay, _Foundations of England_, vol. i. p. 126. [28] Compare Tame, Tamar, Teme, Tean, Teign. See _Surrey Collections_, vol. v. [29] _Three Fifteenth Century Chronicles_, Camden Society. [30] See Green, _Making of England_, vol. i. p. 105; _Surrey Collections_, vol. iii.; and _Athenæum_, 1901, No. 3838. [31] _Polyolbion._ [32] Bailey. [33] _Calendar of St. Paul's MSS._ [34] Dugdale's _Monasticon_, art. "Temple"; and Round's _Geoffrey de Mandeville_. [35] _Transactions of London and Middlesex Archæological Society_, vol. iv. [36] Hardy and Page, _London and Middlesex Fines_, vol. i. p. 3; see also Dugdale. [37] _London and Middlesex Fines._ [38] Kempe translates the same passage, "From the north angle of the City wall, where a rivulet of Springs near thereto flowing marks it out (_i.e._ the moor) from the wall as far as the running water which entereth the City" (_Sanctuary of St. Martin_). [39] _Eng. Hist. Rev._, 1896. [40] A.S. dictionaries give _Wylle-burn_ = Wellbrook. [41] Other cases of churches called by personal names are St. Benet Fink, St. Martin Orgar, St. Martin Outwich, etc. [42] St. Stephen's Walbrook is mentioned in a charter of _c._ 1100. See "Churches," below. [43] Dr. Sharpe, _Letter Book A_. [44] _Archæological Journal_, vol. i. p. 111. [45] _Roman Antiquities on Site of Safe Deposit_, and _Roman Pavement in Bucklersbury_; see also _Archæological Review_, vol. iv. [46] _Letter Book A._ [47] Price, _Safe Deposit_, p. 30. [48] _Origines Celticæ_, vol. ii. [49] Sir J. H. Ramsay. [50] Maitland sounded the river, and thought that there had been a ford at Chelsea; and the large number of Celtic and Roman antiquities found from time to time at Battersea and Wandsworth incline me to the view that there was a passage here. [51] Horsley's account of the Roman roads is still the best general authority; but see the _Antiquary_ for 1901-2. The subject is being carefully re-examined in the new Victorian County Histories. [52] Thorpe. [53] The last, like all names compounded of "street," is a significant name wherever found. [54] Clark, _Military Architecture_, vol. i. p. 31. [55] Hardy and Page, _Fines_; and see Stow. [56] _London and Middlesex Archæological Society Trans._, vol. iii. p. 563. [57] _London and Middlesex Fines._ [58] Ackerman's _Westminster_, vol. i. p. 74.