Looking Further Forward: An Answer to Looking Backward by Edward Bellamy — John Shaqi
Looking Further Forward: An Answer to Looking Backward by Edward BellamyMichaelis, Richard
Science
Looking Further Forward: An Answer to Looking Backward by Edward Bellamy
Michaelis, Richard
Bellamy, Edward, 1850-1898. Looking backward; Utopian fiction; Utopias -- Fiction; Utopias in literature
“Yes”, said Forest, “we first established the principle of equality
and then proceeded to arrange our system upon a basis of inequality,
thus avoiding an open avowal that the new organization of society was
a failure in both theory and practice. The question before us is a
very plain one: “_Are we all alike_”? If we are, then communism is
the proper form of society and everybody should have an equal share
of the products of labor. If we are not alike, if we differ in mental
power and in physical ability, if the results of the labor of men are
different, then there is no reason, why the wealth of the nation should
be equally divided. But we first proclaim equality and pretend that
we divide the products of labor equally among all;--and then we divide
the “workers into _first_, _second_ and _third grades_, according to
_ability_, and these grades are _subdivided_ into _first_ and _second
classes_.”[6] Here we see the workers subdivided into six classes for
the reason, expressly stated, that their ability _differs_. That their
diligence also differs is not admitted, but it is nevertheless the
fact. The _inequality_ of men is thus _distinctly recognized_, but the
products of labor are _equally_ divided in the name of _equality_! Now,
everybody has a natural right to the products of his activity, but we
are taking a large share of the results of the labor of a clever worker
of class A of the first grade to give it to a lazy fellow of class B
of the third grade. This is downright robbery, not even hidden beneath
the shabby cloak of the leading principle governing all the acts of the
administration; and all those who can not admire this stealing, are
denounced as enemies of the best organization of society, ever known in
the history of mankind”.
[6] Page 125.
“You are to a certain extent an admirer of the civilization of the
nineteenth century”, I answered; “and yet in our times the employers
were accused by some of the labor agitators of “stealing” a large
amount of the products of work by reaping very large profits and paying
small wages. I would rather favor an equal division of all properties
than a system, by which a comparatively small number of employers can
enrich themselves at the expense of the masses of the laboring people.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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