Looking Further Forward: An Answer to Looking Backward by Edward BellamyMichaelis, Richard
Science
Looking Further Forward: An Answer to Looking Backward by Edward Bellamy
Michaelis, Richard
Bellamy, Edward, 1850-1898. Looking backward; Utopian fiction; Utopias -- Fiction; Utopias in literature
“You know furthermore, that “individual _records are kept_ and that
excellence receives distinction, corresponding with the penalties
that negligence incurs.” Dr. Leete has undoubtedly told you this
and furthermore “that it is not policy with us to permit youthful
recklessness or indiscretion, when not deeply culpable, to handicap
the future careers of young men and that all who have passed the
unclassified grade without serious disgrace, have an equal opportunity
to choose the life employment they have the most liking for....
Now not only are the individual records of these apprentices for
ability and industry strictly kept and excellency distinguished by
suitable distinctions, but upon the average of his record during
his apprenticeship the standing given the apprentice among the full
workmen depends....[10] While the internal organizations of the
various industries, mechanical and agricultural, differ according to
their peculiar conditions, they agree in a general division of their
workers into first, second and third grades, according to ability,
and these grades are in many cases subdivided, into first and second
classes. According to his _standing_ as an _apprentice_, a young man is
_assigned_ his place as a _first_, _second_ or _third grade worker_.
_Regradings take place_ in each industry at intervals, corresponding
with the length of the apprenticeship.... One of the notable advantages
of a high grading, is the _privilege_ it gives the worker to select
which of the various branches or processes of his industry he will
follow as his specialty”[11].... Dr. Leete has of course further
informed you, “that so far as possible, the preferences of the poorest
workman are considered in assigning him his line of work.... While
however the wish of the lower grade man is consulted so far as the
exigencies of the service permit, he is considered only after the upper
grade men are provided for, and often he has to put up with second
or third choice or even with an _arbitrary assignment_ when help is
needed. This privilege of selection attends every _regrading_, and when
a man loses his grade, he also risks having to exchange the sort of
work he likes best for some other less to his taste.... High places in
the nation are open only to the highest class men.”[12]
[10] Page 124.
[11] Page 125.
[12] Pages 125 and 126.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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