Looking Further Forward: An Answer to Looking Backward by Edward BellamyMichaelis, Richard
Science
Looking Further Forward: An Answer to Looking Backward by Edward Bellamy
Michaelis, Richard
Bellamy, Edward, 1850-1898. Looking backward; Utopian fiction; Utopias -- Fiction; Utopias in literature
Forest looked very severe as he answered: “You are of course under the
impression, that we are acting with the same liberty you were enjoying
113 years ago. But everything in political life has changed since those
days. With the exception of a limited number of government officials
and a few contractors, your citizens were perfectly independent of
the administration; to-day the administration rules everything,
and everybody is more or less dependent upon the good will of our
rulers. Whoever dares to openly oppose the ruling spirits may be sure
that all the wrath and all the unpleasantness at the command of the
administration, will be piled upon him and his relatives and friends.
Therefore the number of men who are daring enough to challenge the ire
of the government is very small, although a great many are discontented
with the present state of affairs.”
“But why don’t people elect men to congress, who would pass laws, that
would change a state of things, so unsatisfactory to the masses?” I
asked, satisfied, that Forest in his fault-finding mood, was using his
dark paint altogether to freely.
“Congress has very little influence nowadays”, Forest answered. “The
power rests almost entirely with the president and the chiefs of the
ten great departments. They have well nigh absolute power and resemble
somewhat the council of ten in Venice, when that aristocratic Republic
was at the height of its power. As it lies within their discretion
to assign each and every person to a good or a poor position for
twenty-four years and even to order a draft from the ranks of the men
over forty-five years of age, thus being able to get disliked men
back under the direct discipline of the industrial army, they have a
power over all the people that no tyrant of your times ever dreamed of
establishing”.
“You know of course”, Mr. Forest continued, “that all recruits belong
for the first three years of their service to the class of unskilled
or common laborers. It is not until after this period, during which he
is _assignable_ to _any work_ at the _discretion of his superiors_,
that the young man is allowed to select a special avocation”.[8] You
can readily see that the young man is during these three years at the
absolute mercy of his superiors. They may assign him to easy and clean
work, or they may send him to do a dirty and unhealthy job. He has to
obey orders. For “a man able to do duty and persistently refusing,
is sentenced to solitary imprisonment on bread and water until he
consents”.[9]
[8] Page 70.
[9] Page 128.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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