Looking Further Forward: An Answer to Looking Backward by Edward BellamyMichaelis, Richard
Science
Looking Further Forward: An Answer to Looking Backward by Edward Bellamy
Michaelis, Richard
Bellamy, Edward, 1850-1898. Looking backward; Utopian fiction; Utopias -- Fiction; Utopias in literature
The meals are furnished by large cooking houses. Washing and repairing
are done in large laundries. One may take his meals home or eat them at
the cooking house. The bill of fare is very elaborate and one may have
even a special dining room. The amount to be paid for the meals differs
of course according to the bill of fare ordered and to the place where
the meal is taken.
Each family occupies a separate house; the furniture being the property
of the tenant. The rent, which depends on the size of the house, is
also pricked out of the credit card.
All inhabitants of the United States are obliged to attend school
until they have reached the age of 21. Then they become members of the
industrial army. During the first three years of their services they
are called recruits or apprentices and have to do the common labor
under the absolute command of the officers or overseers. A _record_ is
kept, in which are entered the ability and behavior of each recruit.
After the first three years of service, each recruit may select a
profession or a trade. As far as possible the volunteers are placed
in the trades they prefer. Recruits with the best records are given
the first choice. Some of them have to take a second or third choice,
and some are obliged to accept positions assigned to them by their
superiors.
All members of the army are, according to their ability and behavior,
divided into three grades, and apprentices with a first-class record
may, after their three years service, enter at once the first grades of
the different trades selected by them.
The general of the guild appoints all the officers of his trade. The
lieutenants must be taken from the members of the first grades. The
captains are chosen by the general from the lieutenants, the colonels
from the captains. The general of the guild himself is elected by
the former members of the trade, that is, those who have passed the
age of forty-five. The ex-members of all the guilds also elect the
chiefs of the ten great departments or groups of allied trades. The
chiefs are taken from the generals of the guilds. And the former guild
members also elect the President of the United States, who is taken
from the ranks of the retired chiefs of the ten great departments. The
President, the ten chiefs of the great departments and the generals of
all the guilds live in Washington.
The members of the industrial army have not the right to vote for any
of the officers by whom they are governed. They have no representation
during their 24 years of service; but if they have a complaint against
one of their superiors, they may bring their case before a judge whose
decision is final.
The judges are appointed by the President from the ranks of the retired
members of the guild for the term of five years.
Courts, lawyers, jails, sheriffs, tax-assessors, collectors and many
other officers have been abolished. Criminals are treated in hospitals
as persons mentally ill.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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