Lord Kelvin: An account of his scientific life and workGray, Andrew
Science
Lord Kelvin: An account of his scientific life and work
Gray, Andrew
Kelvin, William Thomson, Baron, 1824-1907
The interchange of ideas between Stokes and Thomson which began in those
early days went on constantly and seems to have been stimulating to
both. The two men were in a sense complementary in nature and
temperament. Both had great power and great insight, but while Stokes
was uniformly calm, reflective, and judicial, Thomson's enthusiasm was
more outspokenly fervid, and he was apt to be at times vehement and
impetuous in his eagerness to push on an investigation; and though, as
became his nationality, he was cautious in committing himself to
conclusions, he exercised perhaps less reserve in placing his results
before the public of science.
A characteristic instance of Thomson's vehement pursuit of experimental
results may be given here, although the incidents occurred at a much
later date in his career than that with which we are at present
concerned. In 1880 the invention of the Faure Secondary Battery
attracted his attention. M. Faure brought from Paris some cells made up
and ready charged, and showed in the Physical Laboratory at Glasgow the
very powerful currents which, in consequence of their very low internal
resistance, they were capable of producing in a thick piece of copper
wire. The cells were of the original form, constructed by coating strips
of sheet lead on both sides with a paste of minium moistened with dilute
sulphuric acid, swathing them in woollen cloth sewed round them, and
then rolling two together to form the pair of plates for one cell.
A supply of sheet lead, minium, and woollen cloth was at once obtained,
and the whole laboratory corps of students and staff was set to work to
manufacture secondary batteries. A small Siemens-Halske dynamo was
telegraphed for to charge the cells, and the ventilating steam-engine of
the University was requisitioned to drive the dynamo during the night.
Thus the University stokers and engineer were put on double shifts; the
cells were charged during the night and the charging current and
battery-potential measured at intervals.
Then the cells were run down during the day, and their output measured
in the same way. Just as this began, Thomson was laid up with an ailment
which confined him to bed for a couple of weeks or so; but this led to
no cessation of the laboratory activity. On the contrary, the laboratory
corps was divided into two squads, one for the night, the other for the
day, and the work of charging and discharging, and of measurement of
expenditure and return of energy went on without intermission. The
results obtained during the day were taken to Thomson's bedside in the
evening, and early in the morning he was ready to review those which had
been obtained during the night, and to suggest further questions to be
answered without delay. This mode of working could not go on
indefinitely, but it continued until his assistants (some of whom had to
take both shifts!), to say nothing of the stokers and students, were
fairly well exhausted.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account