latter seems to have been in lieu of certain police services once rendered. Next he gave a hen and ten eggs. When the great boon-ploughing took place in winter, he came twice with his team and did a day’s work. In Lent he came to the boon-harrowing and brought a horse, whether he owned one or not, and he worked till the ninth hour, getting no rations; if, however, he worked on until evening he got some food, and his horse a handful of oats and some hay. If the lord of the manor wished it, he had to come, with one scythe, to mow the meadow, and had his rations. He provided and fed a man to lift hay until all was carried. On two days he weeded from morn till eve and had two meals. He drew a load of hay and had his breakfast given him. He sent a man to one boon-day, when beer was not provided; and two men to three others. If he reaped oats on the great boon-day he bound them on another and got no rations. He had to send a man for one day to gather nuts till eve, and the man had food given him; on another day, when he was to leave off at the ninth hour, he got no food. William Ram had to provide a day’s work twice in each week, and did much else, with the details of which I will not here trouble you; but a general statement of such rights and duties as could apparently be described as common to the inhabitants of all three manors or vills, is given and is worth recital. TENANTS’ DUTIES. ‘Every tenant of the three vills aforesaid (Alderton, Debden, and Loughton) shall come with his team to the boon-ploughing twice in winter. Every tenant of five acres shall come and harrow twice in Lent, if he has horses, and shall have his food. Every tenant of 10 acres, whether he has horses or not, shall come in like manner. So all shall come to mow, to lift hay, to weed, and to gather nuts. If, owing to bad weather, they have to give up work, they shall return on the morrow to finish. If any man’s daughter is seduced while in his house, her father shall pay a fine to the lord. No one may marry his daughter without the lord’s licence. No one may sell horse or ox, except such as he himself has bought, without showing it to the bailiff. No one may sell a tree. The lord may appoint anyone to be his reeve, and can take tallage (tax) at his will. Everyone belonging to Luketune or Tipeden shall bind the oats he reaps without having food found him; they of Alwartune shall bind only those which they reap at the great boon-day; and every brewer of that vill owes an offering of beer from each brewing. William de Broc and Kathale, who are from Alwartune, owe carrying service, and it should be known that the men of each vill engaged in harrowing, are to have in the field a handful of oats; but if they carry it away they are liable to punishment.’ Just imagine what it must have been for the steward who had to exact, and the tenant who had to remember to render these services. Others there were