During the short and anxious period, amounting to 173 days, which he
spent, in 1530, in the Castle of Coburg (it is to this time that some
of the charges of excessive drinking refer), he wrote and forwarded to
the press various biblical expositions which in the Erlangen edition
occupy 718 pages in small octavo, re-wrote in its entirety “Von den
Schlüsseln,” a work of 87 pages, was all the while busy with his
translation of Jeremias, of a portion of Ezechiel and all the minor
Prophets, and finally wrote at least the 128 letters and memoranda
which are still extant.[979] Yet, for whole days during this sojourn
in the Coburg, he was plagued with noises in the head and giddiness,
results, no doubt, of nervous excitement.
That such productivity would not have been possible “without meditation
and study”[980] is, however, not quite true in his case. Luther wrote
most of his works without reflection and without any real study, merely
jotting down carelessly whatever his lively fancy suggested.
Thus we may rightly ask whether the accusation of habitual
participation in drinking-bouts and constant private excess is
compatible with the work he produced.
In the case of reports of an unfavourable nature it is of course
necessary to examine their origin carefully; this unfortunately is not
always done. As we already had occasion to remark when dealing with the
imputations against his moral character, it makes all the difference
whether the witness against him is a Catholic opponent or represents
the New Evangel. Amongst Catholics, again, we must discriminate between
foreigners, who were ignorant of German customs and who sometimes
wrote merely on hearsay, and Luther’s German compatriots. We shall
not characterise the method of those of Luther’s defenders who simply
refuse to listen to his opponents on the ground that, one and all, they
are prejudiced.
Wolfgang Musculus (Mäuslin), an Evangelical theologian, in the account
of a journey in May, 1536, during which he had visited Luther, gives
an interesting and unbiassed report of what he saw at Wittenberg.[981]
On May 29, Luther came, bringing with him Melanchthon and Lucas
Cranach, to dine as Mäuslin’s guest at the inn where he was staying.
There all had their share of the wine. “When dinner was over,” says
the chronicler, “we all went to the house of Master Lucas, the
painter, where we had another drink....[982] After this we escorted
Luther home, where we drank in true Saxon style. He was marvellously
cheerful and promised everything most readily” (i.e. probably all
that Musculus proposed concerning the agreement to be come to with
the Zwinglians, of whom Musculus was one). The allusion to the “Saxon
style” reminds us of Count Hoyer’s reference to the “custom at
Mansfeld” (vol. ii., p. 131). Luther’s country does not seem to have
been noted for its temperance.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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