Madame Roland: A Biographical StudyTarbell, Ida M. (Ida Minerva)
History
Madame Roland: A Biographical Study
Tarbell, Ida M. (Ida Minerva)
France -- History -- Revolution, 1789-1799; Roland, Madame, 1754-1793
This stock was not exhausted before she had the happiness to be turned
loose in the library of an abbé—a friend of her uncle. It was a house
where her mother and Mademoiselle d’Hannaches went often to make up a
party of tric-trac with the two curés. As it was necessary always to
take her along, all parties were satisfied that Manon could lose herself
in a book. For three years she found here all she could read: history,
literature, mythology, the Fathers of the Church. Dozens of obscure
authors passed through her hands; now and then she happened on a
classic—something from Voltaire, from Bossuet. Here too she read _Don
Quixote_.
But the good abbé died, the tric-trac parties in his library ceased, and
Manon had to turn to the public library for books. She chose without any
plan, generally a book of which she had heard. So far her reading had
been simply out of curiosity, from a need of doing something. Usually
she had several books on hand at once—some serious, others light, one of
which she was always reading aloud to her mother. The habit of reading,
especially aloud, was one of the chief means advised by the French
educators of the time for carrying on a girl’s education. Madame de
Sévigné, Fénelon, Madame de Maintenon, L’abbé de Saint-Pierre, the
authorities at Port Royal, all had made much of the practice. Manon read
their treatises, and finding that she had herself already adopted
methods similar to those of the wisest men and women of her country,
continued her work with new vigor.
All that she read she analyzed carefully, and she spent much time in
making extracts. Through the courtesy of one of the descendants of
Mademoiselle Phlipon, M. Léon Marillier of Paris, I had in my possession
at one time, for examination, a large number of her _cahiers_ prepared
at this period. They are made of a coarse, grayish-blue paper, with
rough edges, and are covered with a strong, graceful handwriting, almost
never marred by erasures or changes, much of it looking as if it had
been engraved; more characteristic and artistic manuscript one rarely
sees.
The subjects of the quotations in the _cahiers_ are nearly always deeply
serious. In one there are eight pages on Necessity, long quotations on
Death, Suicide, the Good Man, Happiness, the Idea of God. Another
contains a long analysis of a work on Divorce Legislation, which had
pleased her. Buffon and Voltaire are freely quoted from.
The passages which attracted her are philosophic and dogmatic rather
than literary and sentimental, or devout. In fact, Manon became, in the
period between fourteen and twenty-one, deeply interested in the
philosophic thought of the day. Soon she was examining dispassionately,
and with a freedom of mind remarkable in so unquestioning a believer as
she had been, the entire system of religion which she had been taught.
Once started on this track, her reading took a more systematic and
intelligent turn. She read for a purpose, not simply out of curiosity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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