Madame Roland: A Biographical StudyTarbell, Ida M. (Ida Minerva)
History
Madame Roland: A Biographical Study
Tarbell, Ida M. (Ida Minerva)
France -- History -- Revolution, 1789-1799; Roland, Madame, 1754-1793
The letters they wrote to their friends after the riot of the
Champ-de-Mars are full of alarms and of suspicions. “In less than
twenty-four hours,” Roland wrote to Champagneux, “there have been about
three hundred imprisoned at the Abbaye and they are kept there in
secret. People are taken up in the night. There has just passed on the
Pont Neuf [it will be remembered that the Rolands were in the Rue
Guénégaud and could easily see] three loaded wagons escorted by many
National Guards. They say Marat is there, and different club members.
Desmoulins is said to have fled; they are after Brissot. The patriotic
journalists are in bad repute, and frightful charges against them are
being spread. The cross of Saint Louis multiplies incredibly. The
aristocrats are more sly and insolent than ever. It was said yesterday
in the Luxembourg that this legislature could not endure more than six
weeks or two months; that there would be war with the foreigners in this
interval; that the King and the ministers would come out ahead; that
they would displace everybody, annul everything; and that they would
re-establish things on the old basis, but assuredly not less despotic
than before.... There is nothing but treason, lies, poisons. Those who
live in hotels, or who are served by caterers, are afraid. A great
number sleep away from home. There were hundreds of deaths at the
Champ-de-Mars; husbands killed their wives; relatives, relatives;
friends, friends. Saint Bartholomew, the dragonades, offered nothing
more horrible.”
But this is an alarmist’s letter, a repetition of rumors, not a serious
effort to picture what actually occurred. Compare simply its statement
of the number of killed at the Champ-de-Mars—“hundreds”—with the most
trustworthy accounts, and Roland’s and his wife’s state of mind is
clear. Gouverneur Morris, who was in Paris at the moment, went to the
“elevation opposite”—the present Trocadéro—to see the trouble. He says
there were a “dozen or two” killed; Prudhomme says fifty; the official
report gives twelve killed and the same number wounded. The same
exaggerated statements characterize all their letters.
Before the summer of 1791 was over Madame Roland was certain that public
opinion could not be aroused to another revolution; that the “stick” was
going to stay in the “wheel”; that the Republic could not be
established. As this conviction grew on her, she lost heart. “I have had
enough of Paris, at least for this time.” She wrote: “I feel the need of
going to see my trees, after having seen so many dolts and knaves. One
rejoices in this little circle of honest souls when his cause triumphs,
but when the _cabale_ is on top, when the wicked succeed and error is
ahead, there is nothing to do but go home and plant cabbages.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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