RELIGIONS ANCIENT AND MODERN MAGIC AND FETISHISM RELIGIONS: ANCIENT AND MODERN. _Foolscap 8vo. Price 1s. net per volume._ ANIMISM. By EDWARD CLODD, Author of _The Story of Creation_. PANTHEISM. By JAMES ALLANSON PICTON, Author of _The Religion of the Universe_. THE RELIGIONS OF ANCIENT CHINA. By Professor GILES, LL.D., Professor of Chinese in the University of Cambridge. THE RELIGION OF ANCIENT GREECE. By JANE HARRISON, Lecturer at Newnham College, Cambridge, Author of _Prolegomena to Study of Greek Religion_. ISLAM. By Professor T. W. ARNOLD, Assistant Librarian at the India Office, Author of _The Preaching of Islam_. MAGIC AND FETISHISM. By Dr. A. C. HADDON, F.R.S., Lecturer on Ethnology at Cambridge University. THE RELIGION OF ANCIENT EGYPT. By Professor W. M. FLINDERS PETRIE, F.R.S. THE RELIGION OF BABYLONIA AND ASSYRIA. By THEOPHILUS G. PINCHES, late of the British Museum. BUDDHISM. 2 vols. By Professor RHYS DAVIDS, LL.D., late Secretary of The Royal Asiatic Society. HINDUISM. By Dr. L. D. BARNETT, of the Department of Oriental Printed Books and MSS., British Museum. SCANDINAVIAN RELIGION. By WILLIAM A. CRAIGIE, Joint Editor of the _Oxford English Dictionary_. CELTIC RELIGION. By Professor ANWYL, Professor of Welsh at University College, Aberystwyth. THE MYTHOLOGY OF ANCIENT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. By CHARLES SQUIRE, Author of _The Mythology of the British Islands_. JUDAISM. By ISRAEL ABRAHAMS, Lecturer in Talmudic Literature in Cambridge University, Author of _Jewish Life in the Middle Ages_. PRIMITIVE OR NICENE CHRISTIANITY. By JOHN SUTHERLAND BLACK, LL.D., Joint Editor of the _Encyclopædia Biblica_. SHINTOISM. MEDIAEVAL CHRISTIANITY. ZOROASTRIANISM. THE RELIGION OF ANCIENT ITALY. _Other Volumes to follow._ MAGIC AND FETISHISM By ALFRED C. HADDON, Sc.D., F.R.S. UNIVERSITY LECTURER IN ETHNOLOGY, CAMBRIDGE LONDON ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE & CO. LTD. 16 JAMES STREET HAYMARKET 1906 Edinburgh: T. and A. CONSTABLE, Printers to His Majesty PREFATORY NOTE It is by no means easy to do justice to such a large, comprehensive, and at the same time vague subject as magic in the small compass of a Primer, and part of even that small space had to be devoted to another subject. For sins of omission I must claim this excuse; for sins of commission I claim the indulgence of the reader. A. C. H. CONTENTS MAGIC I. SYMPATHETIC MAGIC. A. Contagious Magic.