Makers of ElectricityWalsh, James J. (James Joseph)
History
Makers of Electricity
Walsh, James J. (James Joseph)
Electricity -- Biography
Dr. Fuller in his "Worthies of England" (1662) describes Gilbert as tall
of stature and cheerful of "complexion," a happiness, he quaintly
remarks, not ordinarily found in so hard a student and retired a
person." Concluding his appreciation of the philosopher, Fuller writes:
"Mahomet's tomb at Mecha[6] is said strangely to hang up, attracted by
some invisible loadstone; but the memory of this Doctor will never fall
to the ground, which his incomparable book _De Magnete_ will support to
eternity."
Animated by a similar spirit of national pride, Dryden wrote
Gilbert shall live till loadstones cease to draw,
Or British fleets the boundless ocean awe.
We shall close these remarks by Hallam's estimate of Gilbert as a
scientific pioneer, contained in his _Introduction to the Literature of
Europe_. "The year 1600," he says, "was the first in which England
produced a remarkable work in physical science; but this was one
sufficient to raise a lasting reputation for its author. Gilbert, a
physician, in his Latin treatise on the magnet, not only collected all
the knowledge which others had possessed on the subject, but became at
once the father of experimental philosophy in this island; and, by a
singular felicity and acuteness of genius, the founder of theories which
have been revived after a lapse of ages and are almost universally
received into the creed of science."
For well-nigh three hundred years, _De Magnete_ remained untranslated,
being read only by the scholarly few. The first translation was made by
P. Fleury Mottelay, of New York, and published by Messrs. Wiley and Sons
in the year 1893. Mr. Mottelay has given much attention to the
bibliography of the twin sciences of electricity and magnetism, as the
foot-notes which he has added to the translation abundantly prove.
A second translation appeared in the tercentenary year, 1900, and was
the work of the members of the Gilbert Club, London, among whom were Dr.
Joseph Larmor and Prof. Silvanus P. Thompson. It is a page-for-page
translation with facsimile illustrations, initial letters and
tail-pieces.
As one would infer from the numerous references contained in _De
Magnete_, Gilbert had a considerable collection of valuable books,
classical and modern, bearing on the subject of his life-work; but
these, as well as his terrellas, globes, minerals and instruments,
perished in the great fire of London, 1666, with the buildings of the
College of Physicians, in which they were located.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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