Mammals of the Southwest Mountains and MesasOlin, George
Science
Mammals of the Southwest Mountains and Mesas
Olin, George
Mammals -- Southwest, New
In Utah and Colorado the “haying” time arrives with the height of the
summer blooming season. At timberline this usually occurs during August.
As though realizing that a hard frost would ruin its delightfully
fragrant crop, the pika sets furiously to work. After cutting down as
much herbage as it can handle at one time, it gathers the mass into an
unwieldy bundle and carries it by mouth to one of the sites it has
selected as a curing place. Usually these areas have been used the
previous season for the same purpose, and a mass of the least edible
stems remain to mark their location. Depositing the load on this base,
the pika scurries away for another bundle. Long familiarity with routes
across the uneven rocks enables it to make its way with never a misstep,
even though the load carried may be of such size that vision to the
front is completely obscured. Working early and late the pika
distributes its harvest among the various piles. As a result, the hay
dries out evenly and when cold weather calls a halt to the work each
little stack is perfectly cured without a trace of mildew. The truly
monumental work to which this little creature goes is shown by as many
as a half dozen haycocks, each of which may contain up to a bushel or
more of feed.
Comparatively little is known of the pika’s life history. What has been
recorded has been noted during those periods when it was seen on the
surfaces of rock slides. What goes on deep in the labyrinths of its
habitat can only be conjectured. It seems reasonable to suppose that in
some subterranean cavity the pika has constructed a comfortable nest
lined with soft grasses. Certainly it remains active all winter,
although buried under many feet of snow, for in the spring its stacks of
hay have been largely consumed.
The number of young is thought to range from three to six. They probably
are born in early summer, as when they appear on the surface, usually in
late July or early August, they are about half grown. Though family ties
are closely knit until the young mature, pikas cannot be considered
gregarious animals. The scarcity of food alone would be sufficient
reason to prohibit large groups in one small area. Each adult takes up
squatter’s rights on a territory large enough to support it, and
thereafter holds it with but little interference from others of its
kind.
Few natural enemies prey on the pikas. The very openness of their
habitat prevents the larger predators from stealing up unseen. Hawks and
eagles account for some, and weasels are able to penetrate their
underground maze at will, but the natural fecundity of the species seems
to balance these losses very well. To the nature student the pika offers
a tempting challenge. It is far from being a rare animal, yet at the
same time it is one about which almost nothing is known. As
qualifications for learning its secrets, one must be somewhat of a miner
and considerable of an arctic explorer.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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