Man and Nature; Or, Physical Geography as Modified by Human ActionMarsh, George P. (George Perkins)
Science
Man and Nature; Or, Physical Geography as Modified by Human Action
Marsh, George P. (George Perkins)
Conservation of natural resources; Human geography; Nature -- Effect of human beings on; Physical geography
The faculty of spontaneous reproduction and perpetuation necessarily
supposes a greater power of accommodation, within a certain range, than
we find in most domesticated plants, for it would rarely happen that the
seed of a wild plant would fall into ground as nearly similar, in
composition and condition, to that where its parent grew, as the soils
of different fields artificially prepared for growing a particular
vegetable are to each other. Accordingly, though every wild species
affects a habitat of a particular character, it is found that, if
accidentally or designedly sown elsewhere, it will grow under conditions
extremely unlike those of its birthplace.[47] Cooper says: "We cannot
say positively that _any_ plant is _uncultivable_ anywhere until it has
been tried;" and this seems to be even more true of wild than of
domesticated vegetation.
The seven hundred new species which have found their way to St. Helena
within three centuries and a half, were certainly not all, or even in
the largest proportion, designedly planted there by human art, and if we
were well acquainted with vegetable emigration, we should probably be
able to show that man has intentionally transferred fewer plants than he
has accidentally introduced into countries foreign to them. After the
wheat, follow the tares that infest it. The weeds that grow among the
cereal grains, the pests of the kitchen garden, are the same in America
as in Europe.[48] The overturning of a wagon, or any of the thousand
accidents which befall the emigrant in his journey across the Western
plains, may scatter upon the ground the seeds he designed for his
garden, and the herbs which fill so important a place in the rustic
materia medica of the Eastern States, spring up along the prairie paths
but just opened by the caravan of the settler.[49] The hortus siccus of
a botanist may accidentally sow seeds from the foot of the Himalayas on
the plains that skirt the Alps; and it is a fact of very familiar
observation, that exotics, transplanted to foreign climates suited to
their growth, often escape from the flower garden and naturalize
themselves among the spontaneous vegetation of the pastures. When the
cases containing the artistic treasures of Thorvaldsen were opened in
the court of the museum where they are deposited, the straw and grass
employed in packing them were scattered upon the ground, and the next
season there sprang up from the seeds no less than twenty-five species
of plants belonging to the Roman campagna, some of which were preserved
and cultivated as a new tribute to the memory of the great Scandinavian
sculptor, and at least four are said to have spontaneously naturalized
themselves about Copenhagen.[50] In the campaign of 1814, the Russian
troops brought, in the stuffing of their saddles and by other accidental
means, seeds from the banks of the Dnieper to the valley of the Rhine,
and even introduced the plants of the steppes into the environs of
Paris.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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