Manual for submarine miningUnited States. War Department
History
Manual for submarine mining
United States. War Department
Submarine mines -- Handbooks, manuals, etc.
For the work on the water there will be needed five boats, viz., a mine
planter or suitably fitted-up heavy tug, a small tug or heavy launch
called the distribution box boat, and three launches or yawls. The
capacity of the planter is such that a group of 19 mines can be handled
at one time.
The instructions to be observed by the master of a mine planter in
marking out a mine field and in planting mines are to be found in
Appendix No. 6.
=Determining location for distribution box.=—From an examination of
the chart, or of the approved scheme for mining, the locations of the
lines and groups of mines are determined. A distribution box is to be
placed about 350 feet in rear of the center of each group of mines. The
locations for the distribution boxes are marked on the plotting board
and their azimuths from each of the ends of the horizontal base or
their azimuth and range from the vertical base station are determined.
=Marking location of distribution box.=—An anchor with buoy attached
is placed upon the deck of a small tug and carried out to one of the
selected spots. By a system of signals the boat is directed to the
location determined and there the anchor is thrown overboard. The
locations for the other distribution boxes are marked in a like manner.
=Laying multiple cable.=—The cable-reel is placed upon the forward
deck of the planter and raised on the jacks. The planter then proceeds
as near the mining casemate as the depth of water permits, and one end
of the cable is passed ashore, either by a launch, by yawls, or by any
other suitable method. In case the planter can not approach nearer the
shore than 100 yards it will be necessary to coil more than enough
cable to reach the shore in a figure of eight in a yawl, which is then
towed toward the desired point on shore, the men aboard the yawl paying
out the cable as it proceeds. This end is drawn in through the conduit
or gallery to the casemate or terminal hut. It may be secured by taking
a telegraph hitch around it with a chain and spiking the chain to some
heavy timbers or fastening it to some holdfast. When cable ends have
already been laid they will be picked up and joined to the multiple
cable for the groups.
The shore end having been secured, the planter moves out to the
position of the distribution box, unreeling the cable as it goes.
If the water be very deep, a friction brake must be extemporized to
prevent the reel from overrunning. (While the planter is laying the
cable, the casemate party tags and attaches the shore end as explained
later.) To prevent kinks as far as possible cable should be laid with
as much tension as practicable.
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