2. Discuss the following statements quoted from an article on the Federal Farm Loan Act of 1916. "There was no necessity for any kind of federal legislation affecting the land credit problem of land-owners.... There is, however, the more pressing problem ... of making the conditions of country life more attractive to the _younger_ generation of farmers. In accomplishing this end some form of land purchase legislation is needed." Amer. Econ. Rev., 6: 789. 1916. 3. How do urban and rural districts differ in their preference for and use of different kinds of bank credit? CHAPTER 27 THE RAILROAD PROBLEM REFERENCES. _Brown, H. G._, The competition of transportation companies. A. E. Rev., 4: 771-792. 1914. _Brown, H. G._, Transportation rates and their regulation. 1916. _Clark, J. M._, Some neglected phases of rate regulation. A. E. Rev., 4: 565-574. 1914. _Dixon, F. H._, The Mann-Elkins Act, amending the act to regulate commerce. Q. J. E., 24: 593-633. 1909-1910. _Dunn, S. O._, Railway discrimination. J. P. E., 20: 437-461. 1912. _Gephart, W. F._, The place of the canal in a national system of transportation. A. E. Assn. Bul., 4th ser., 1 (no 2): 188-196. 1911. Round table discussion, 197-203. _Hadley, A. T._, Railroad transportation. 1884. _Hammond, M. B._, Railway rate theories of the interstate commerce commission. Q. J. E., 25: 1-66, 279-336, 471-538. 1909-1910. _Johnson, E. R._, American railway transportation. 3d ed., 1908. _Johnson, E. R._, Inland waterway policy. A. E. Assn. Bul., 4th ser., 1: 166-174. 1911. _Johnson, E. R._, The principles of governmental regulation of railways. P. S. Q., 15: 37-49. 1900. _McFall, R. J._, Railway monopoly and rate regulation. 1916. _Materials_, 627, 628. _Meyer, B. H._, Certain considerations in railway rate making. A. E. Rev., 4 (no. 1, supp.): 69-80. 1914. Round table discussion of above, 81-100. _Prouty, C. A._, Railway discriminations and industrial combinations. A. A. A., 15: 41-50. 1900. _Ripley, W. Z._, (Ed.), Railway problems. 1907. _Ripley, W. Z._, Railroads: rates and regulation. 1912. _Ripley, W. Z._, Railroad overcapitalization. Q. J. E., 28: 601-629. 1913-1914. _Ripley, W. Z._, Railroads: finance and organization. 1915. *_Source Book_, 361-367, 368-378, 379-382. QUESTIONS. 1. Why is transportation a greater problem in the United States than in Europe? 2. Show in what way natural waterways have determined the location of leading cities in America. 3. Give examples of cities whose growth has been caused by railroads. 4. Upon what considerations are commodities classified for shipment by railroads? Is classification unfair discrimination? Illustrate by an example.