_Jones, Eliot_, The anthracite coal combination in the United States. 1914. _King, W. I._, The wealth and income of the people of the United States. 1915. _Meade, E. S._, The economics of combination. J. P. E., 20: 358-372. 1912. Trust finance. 1903. _Montague, G. H._, Trusts of to-day. 1904. _Ripley, W. Z._, Industrial concentration as shown by the census. Q. J. E., 21: 651-658. 1906-1907. (Ed.), Trusts, pools and corporations. Ed., 1916. *_Source Book_, 255-264. (Extract from United States Commissioner of Corporations, Report on the transportation of petroleum.) _Stevens, W. S._, Classification of pools and associations. A. E. Rev., 3: 545-575. 1913. _Stevens, W. S._, (Ed.), Industrial combinations and trusts. 1913. _Stevens, W. S._, A group of trusts and combinations. Q. J. E., 26: 593-643. 1911-1912. _Stevens, W. S._, The powder trust, 1872-1912. Ibid., 444-481. 1911-1912. _United States Commissioner of Corporations_, Report on the transportation of petroleum. 1906. _Willoughby, W. F._, The integration of industry in the United States. Q. J. E., 16: 94-115. 1901-1902. QUESTIONS. 1. What large trusts have recently been formed? 2. State the motives for forming trusts, separating those which are socially beneficial and those which are anti-social. 3. Enumerate the advantages possessed by a "trust" over a small competitor, and indicate which of these are the results of large scale production and which are due to the possession of monopoly power. 4. Are there any conditions under which a combination would be a more economical unit of production and distribution than a single plant large enough to secure all advantages to be obtained from mere quantity of output? If so, state them clearly. 5. Explain carefully the causes and limits of the advantages of large production. Give three examples of industries in which the advantages are seen. 6. Have you observed the growth of any local industry from a small beginning to large proportions? If so, how do you account for it? 7. What is the largest manufacturing establishment in your home town? Would a number of smaller establishments of the same sort and with the same aggregate capacity succeed as well? Why? 8. What relation has improved transportation and other means of communication to trusts? 9. What are the chief methods by which trusts or combinations have sought to make economies in management? 10. Describe the characteristic features of the pool, the trust and the holding company. 11. Describe any agreement of which you know, made between merchants or manufacturers for the purpose of regulating prices. Did prices go up or down as a result? 12. What is a simple price agreement? How does it differ from a pool? Is there any difference in the matter of legality? Reasons.