Margaret and Her Friends: or, Ten conversations with Margaret Fuller upon the mythology of the Greeks and its expression in art, held at the house of the Rev. George Ripley, Bedford Place, Boston, beginning March 1, 1841Fuller, Margaret
Philosophy
Margaret and Her Friends: or, Ten conversations with Margaret Fuller upon the mythology of the Greeks and its expression in art, held at the house of the Rev. George Ripley, Bedford Place, Boston, beginning March 1, 1841
Fuller, Margaret
Mythology, Classical, in art; Mythology, Greek
MARGARET thought the Odyssey was written when Homer was young and
romantic; but E. P. P. and myself stood out stoutly for the precedence of
the Iliad. I said, without the least bit of real knowledge, that I should
not wonder if there were two centuries between the poems, they seemed to
indicate such entirely different states of society; but certainly the
Odyssey was latest.
CHARLES WHEELER said that the best scholars seemed all of one mind. The
Iliad was written first by Homer,—the Odyssey long after by another hand.
E. P. P. said that there was a gem which represented Minerva as married
to a mortal, but she could tell nothing more about it.
JONES VERY said that when Wisdom falls into decay we call it Genius!
Does that mean that prophetic power fallen back from the moral nature to
the intellect is dwarfed accordingly?
CAROLINE W. HEALEY.
March 27, 1841.
V.
_April 2, 1841._
The story of Venus and Cupid and Psyche was discussed.
MARGARET said that of Venus she had less to say than of either of the
preceding Deities! She was not the expression of a thought, but of
a fact. She was the Greek idea of a lovely woman,—the best physical
development of woman. When we have said, “It is,” we have said all. The
birth of Beauty was the only ideal thing about her. She sprang from the
wave, from the flux and reflux of things, from the undulating line. On
this Venus, transitoriness had set its seal. As we look at her, we feel
that she must change. Her loveliness is too fair to last. Her beauty
would pass next moment. She could not live a year, we think, without
losing something of her full grace. It was peculiarly Greek to create a
beautiful symbol, and to pause in the symbol. The Greeks were very apt to
do this. They did it effectually in the Goddess of Love. She was sportive
in all her amours. They had no idea of an Everlasting Love. They enjoyed
themselves too much to abstract themselves. Venus seemed to Margaret a
merely human creature. She was not the type of Universal Beauty: the
Greek eye was closed to that. Still, their own embodiment did not satisfy
their own need. They filled out their ideal with Venus Urania, Hebe, and
all the attendant Hours and Graces, yet were not satisfied. Then came the
fable of Psyche and her three Cupids. Venus was only a pretty girl! Her
cestus, her doves, her pets, her jealousies, all betray it. The Venus
Urania was more. _She_ was the child of Celestial Light. Hebe was born of
immortal bloom. To fill out the gaps in their conception, Eros, or Love
in Sadness, Cupid a frolicsome boy, and the more noble, more creative
Love which brooded over Chaos were evolved from their consciousness.
Psyche, who did not appear until the age of Augustus, who was too modern
to be mythological, yet glowing with mythic beauty, was only another
evidence of their imperfect idea. Her story expresses more than that of
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