Marine Protozoa from Woods Hole: Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission 21:415-468, 1901Calkins, Gary N. (Gary Nathan)
Science
Marine Protozoa from Woods Hole: Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission 21:415-468, 1901
Calkins, Gary N. (Gary Nathan)
Protozoa -- Massachusetts -- Woods Hole; United States Fisheries Biological Station at Woods Hole, Massachusetts
A more sluggish form than the preceding, distinguished by its larger
size, its dense granulation, and by short, rounded pseudopodia,
which, as in _Amoeba proteus_, may come from any part of the body.
A delicate layer of ectoplasm surrounds the granular endoplasm, and
pseudopodia formation is eruptive, beginning with the accumulation
of ectoplasm. Movement rapid, usually in one direction, but may be
backwards or sideways, etc. Contractile vacuole absent; the nucleus
is spherical and contains many large chromatin granules. Length 80µ;
diameter 56µ.
[Illustration: Fig. 2.--_Amoeba_ sp.]
Genus TRICHOSPHÆRIUM Schneider '78
Synonym: _Pachymyxa hystrix_ Gruber.
Marine rhizopods, globular or irregular in form, and slow to change
shape. Dimorphic. Both forms multinucleate during vegetative life.
Pseudopodia are long, thin, and thread-form, with rounded ends.
Their function is neither food-getting nor locomotion, but probably
tasting. The plasm of both forms is inclosed in a soft gelatinous
membrane. In one form the jelly is impregnated with needles of
magnesium carbonate (Schaudinn), but these are absent in the other
form. The membrane is perforated by clearly defined and permanent
holes for the exit of the pseudopodia. Reproduction occurs by
division, by budding or by fragmentation, but the parts are
invariably multinucleate. At the end of vegetative life the
needle-bearing form fragments into numerous mononucleate parts; these
develop into adults similar to the parent, but without the spines.
At the end of its vegetative life this new individual fragments into
biflagellated swarm-spores which may conjugate, reproducing the form
with needles. Size up to 2 mm.
Trichosphærium sieboldi Schneider. Fig. 3.
With the characters of the genus. A form which I have taken to be a
young stage of this interesting rhizopod is described as follows:
A minute, almost quiescent, form which changes its contour very
slowly. The membrane is cap-like and extends over the dome-shaped
body, fitting the latter closely. The endoplasm is granular and
contains foreign food-bodies. Nucleus single, spherical, and
centrally located. Pseudopodia short and finger-form, emerging from
the edge of the mantle-opening and swaying slowly from side to side
or quiescent. The most characteristic feature is the presence of a
broad, creeping sole, membranous in nature and hyaline in appearance.
This membrane is the only evidence of ectoplasm, and it frequently
shows folds and wrinkles, while its contour slowly changes with
movements of body. The pseudopodia emerge from the body between this
membrane and the shell margin. Contractile vacuole absent. Length
42µ, width 35µ. In decomposing seaweeds, etc.
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