CHAPTER 3 THE SPACECRAFT _The Spaceframe_ _The Power System_ _CC&S: The Brain and the Stopwatch_ _Telecommunications: Relaying the Data_ _Attitude Control: Balancing in Space_ _Propulsion System_ _Temperature Control_ _The Scientific Instruments_ CHAPTER 4 THE LAUNCH VEHICLE _The Atlas Booster: Power of Six 707’s_ _The Agena B: Start and Restart_ CHAPTER 5 FLIGHT INTO SPACE _Mariner I: An Abortive Launch_ _Mariner II: A Roll before Parking_ _The Parking Orbit_ _Orientation and Midcourse Maneuver_ _The Long Cruise_ _Encounter and Beyond_ _The Record of Mariner_ CHAPTER 6 THE TRACKING NETWORK _Deep Space Instrumentation Facility_ _The Goldstone Complex_ _The Woomera Station_ _The Johannesburg Station_ _Mobile Tracking Station_ CHAPTER 7 THIRTEEN MILLION WORDS _Communication Control_ _The Operations Center_ _Central Computing Facility_ CHAPTER 8 THE SCIENTIFIC EXPERIMENTS _Data Conditioning System_ _Cosmic Dust Detector_ _Solar Plasma Experiment_ _High-energy Radiation Experiment_ _The Magnetometer_ _Microwave Radiometer_ _Infrared Radiometer_ _Mariner’s Scientific Objectives_ CHAPTER 9 THE LEGACY OF MARINER _Space without Dust?_ _The Ubiquitous Solar Wind_ _High-energy Particles: Fatal Dosage?_ _A Magnetic Field?_ _The Surface: How Hot?_ _Cloud Temperatures: The Infrared Readings_ _The Radar Profile: Measurements from Earth_ CHAPTER 10 THE NEW LOOK OF VENUS _APPENDIX_ _INDEX_ ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Researching the material, gathering and comparing data, preparation of review drafts and attending to the hundreds of details required to produce a document on the results of such a program as the Mariner mission to Venus is a tremendous task. Special acknowledgment is made to Mr. Harold J. Wheelock who, on an extremely short time scale, carried the major portion of this work to completion. Although the prime sources for the information were the Planetary Program office and the Technical Divisions of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, other organizations were extremely helpful in providing necessary data, notably the George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, the Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, the Astronautics Division of the General Dynamics Corporation, and, of course, the many elements of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. JPL technical information staff members who assisted Mr. Wheelock in production of the manuscript and its illustrations were Mr. James H. Wilson, Mr. Arthur D. Beeman and Mr. Albert E. Tyler. JPL is also grateful to Mr. Chester H. Johnson for his help and suggestions in preparing the final manuscript. CHAPTER 1 VENUS