Means and Ends of EducationSpalding, John Lancaster
Philosophy
Means and Ends of Education
Spalding, John Lancaster
Culture; Education
Know thyself was the sum of what Socrates taught, and each of the seven
wise men rested his fame upon an apothegm. To expect the multitude to
appreciate the best in life or literature, is to expect them to be what
they have never been and will probably never be. Would you have an ox
admire the sunrise or the pearly dew, when all he feels the need of is
grass? Appeal to the many if you will, but if your appeal is for the
highest, only the few will hearken.
Consider not what great men or books are worth in themselves, but what
they are worth to thee; for thou art able to judge of their value only
in so far as thou understandest and lovest them.
If thou canst not bear trouble, sorrow, and disappointment without loss
of composure, thou art poorly equipped for life's struggle. If thou
mayst not lead the life thou wouldst wish, thou canst at least make the
life thou leadest the means to improve thyself. If we were so
constituted that thought, feeling, and imagination might have free and
healthful play in ever-during darkness and isolation, life would still
be good. Could I live surrounded by those I love, I should feel less
keenly the discontent which the consciousness of my higher needs
creates; and besides, it is not easy to rest in the comforts and
luxuries which make and keep us inferior, except in the company of
those we love. If our ordinary power of sight were as great as that we
gain with the help of the microscope, the world would become for us a
place of horrors; and if we could clearly see ourselves as we are, life
would be less endurable. God blurs our vision as a mother hides from
her child its wound.
Pleasures which quickly end in revulsion of feeling are but momentary
escapes from pain; and they alone are fortunate who are able to
persevere in pursuits which give them pure delight. "All good," says
Kant, "which is not based on the highest moral principle is but empty
appearance and splendid misery."
Sensations of color, taste, sound, smell, touch, heat and cold,
perceptions of magnitude, and temporal and spatial relations, is the
sum of what we know; and yet we are conscious that reason means
infinitely more than this, that its proper object is the eternal world
of truth, goodness, and beauty. Think for thyself with a single view
to truth; for so only will thy thought be of worth and service to
others. We feel ourselves only in action, and hence the need of doing
lest we lose ourselves and be swallowed in nothingness. And for the
old and feeble even worry, I suppose, is a comfort, for it helps to
keep this self-consciousness alive. It is impossible to say whence a
thought comes, and it is often difficult to determine the occasion by
which it has been suggested.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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