Mediæval London, Volume 1: Historical & SocialBesant, Walter
History
Mediæval London, Volume 1: Historical & Social
Besant, Walter
London (England) -- History -- To 1500; London (England) -- Social life and customs -- To 1500
To revert, however, to the structure of houses. Bricks, as
distinguished from tiles, are not mentioned throughout the book,
or indeed in any other English work of so early a date; and there
is strong reason to believe that the ‘_teule_’ or ‘tile’ was used
indifferently for tile or brick. At all events, there can be no doubt
that, like those of Roman times, the bricks then in use were much
thinner than at the present day; and supposing the tiles to be flat,
there would be nothing to distinguish them from bricks. Repeated
injunctions by the civic authorities are to be met with, that the
_teules_ shall be ‘well burnt, of the ancient scantling, and well
leaded;’ the latter provision, however, it is apprehended, could only
apply to such _teules_ as were used for genuine tiles. The ‘Tilers’
so often mentioned, in all probability performed the duties of the
modern bricklayers as well. Lime was sold, sometimes by the sack,
containing one bushel, and sometimes by the basket, holding half a
quarter. _Temp._ Edward the Third, a sack of burnt lime cost one
penny, and tiles were sold at the rate of from five to eight shillings
the thousand.”
* * * * *
“Tenements are mentioned, about the time probably of Edward the
Second, as renting in the City above the sum of forty shillings, and
below. The fact has been already noticed that in some cases houses of
two and three storeys were divided into distinct separate freeholds.
In one instance a case is met with, perhaps a not uncommon one, of a
widow claiming her Free-bench in a tenement that had belonged to her
late husband (in the parish of St. Nicholas Flesh-Shambles), and the
Sheriffs putting her in possession of a wing of the building, the
principal chamber and the cellar beneath that chamber, with a right of
easement in the kitchen, stable, common drain and courtyard; the rest
remaining in possession of the heirs and next of kin of the deceased;
an arrangement certainly by no means conducive to a state of domestic
tranquillity, but bespeaking the existence of considerable mansions,
and that too in that most uninviting locality—the near neighbourhood
of ‘Stynkyng Lane’ and the Convent of the Friars Minors.
It sometimes happened that a house was situate in two Wards; in such
case it was provided that the owner should be assessed in the Ward in
which he went to bed, slept, and put on his clothes. Of course such an
enactment as this could only apply to a house with more than one room,
on the floor where the sleeping-room was situate, and probably of more
than ordinary magnitude.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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