Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)Clark, George Thomas
History
Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)
Clark, George Thomas
Architecture -- England; Architecture, Medieval; Military architecture
The eastern, naturally the weakest side of the inner ward is further
defended by a broad, artificial bank or ramp of earth from 20 feet to
30 feet broad and 8 feet to 10 feet high, piled up against the back
of the wall, which, in fact, is a revetment. At the north-east angle
of the ward this bank is expanded into a mound about 20 feet high
above the inner area. The curtain traverses this mound, of which about
two-thirds is within its circuit.
No doubt this mound was the keep of the English fortress, and the bank
and ditch its main landward defences, but, save the curtain, there is
no trace of any masonry upon it, nor does the Norman castle appear to
have been provided with any regular keep, either shell or rectangular.
Probably, as at Exeter, the whole inner ward was the keep.
There are at present no traces of a hall, kitchen, or regular lodgings
within the castle, but placed against the north wall are the remains
of the chapel, or rather of the free collegiate church, composed of a
nave and chancel. The nave was 30 feet by 64 feet, the curtain forming
the north wall. There seem to have been a west door and one, or perhaps
two, south doors. At its east end a handsome highly-pointed arch opened
into the chancel, and still remains very perfect. The jambs are square,
the angles replaced by delicate shafts, a quarter engaged, with caps
and bases of Norman type. The abacus is part of a moulded string, and
the arch, though the section is square, as in the Norman style, is
richly moulded. The central member of the arch is a bold rib, springing
from two brackets or corbels carved in foliage. The general character
of the whole is very late Norman, passing into early English. In the
north wall, at its east end, are the remains of the arches of three
sedilia, and near the middle of the wall, in a sort of buttress, is a
piscina, probably a perpendicular insertion. Near the north-west angle
is the cylindrical base of the font. In the east wall, on each side
of the chancel arch, is a flat-topped doorway of rude workmanship, as
though intended to be concealed by hangings. The northern door opens
into the well-stair of the turret, the southern into a vestry.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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