Medical investigation in seventeenth century EnglandBodemer, Charles W.
History
Medical investigation in seventeenth century England
Bodemer, Charles W.
Boyle, Robert, 1627-1691; Embryology -- England -- History -- 17th century
[Harvey] ... begins by putting himself in some sort of harness of
Aristotle, and taking the bit of Fabricius between his teeth; and
then, either assuming the ideas of the former as premises, or those
of the latter as topics of discussion or dissent, he labours on
endeavouring to find Nature in harmony with the Stagyrite, or at
variance with the professor of Padua--for, in spite of many
expressions of respect and deference for his old master, Harvey
evidently delights to find Fabricius in the wrong. Finally, so
possessed is he by scholastic ideas, that he winds up some of his
opinions upon animal reproduction by presenting them in the shape
of logical syllogisms.[22]
Even Harvey's concept of the egg reveals a strong Aristotelian bias.
Actually, Harvey attained to his conclusion that all animals derive from
eggs by assuming that
on the same grounds, and in the same manner and order in which a
chick is engendered and developed from an egg, is the embryo of
viviparous animals engendered from a pre-existing conception.
Generation in both is one and identical in kind: the origin of
either is from an egg, or at least something that by analogy is
held to be so. An egg is, as already said, a conception exposed
beyond the body of the parent, whence the embryo is produced; a
conception is an egg remaining within the body of the parent until
the foetus has acquired the requisite perfection; in everything
else they agree; they are both alike primordially vegetables,
potentially they are animals.[23]
The ovum, for Harvey, is in essence "the primordium vegetable or
vegetative incipience, understanding by this a certain corporeal
something having life in potentia; or a certain something existing _per
se_, which is capable of changing into a vegetative form under the
agency of an internal principle."[24] The ovum is for Harvey more a
concept than an observed fact, and, as stated by one student of
generation, "The _dictum ex ovo omnia_, whilst substantially true in the
modern sense, is neither true nor false as employed by Harvey, since to
him it has no definite or even intelligible meaning."[25]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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