It has been already mentioned, that it was the tropical dysentery which principally prevailed in the army. Though I was not convinced that we had a different disease, till after we came to Alexandria, yet I am inclined to think that it was the European disease which chiefly prevailed in the army for some time before; and, if we draw the line from November, we shall not be far removed from the truth. It will not be necessary to say much in the treatment of tropical dysentery. Mercury is now the remedy relied on every where. In Egypt, we felt the want of nitric acid in hepatitis; and we equally felt the want of this powerful remedy in dysentery. The instances which have occurred to me, during the last five years, are extremely numerous, where, after our failure with mercury, exhibited in all the variety of its preparations, we succeeded with this remedy sometimes as a substitute, and sometimes as an auxiliary.[7] It was in the 61st regiment that cases of the dysentery of Europe were first observed. Perhaps it more readily appeared in this corps, because the greatest part of the men had not yet got rid of the European habit, and were as yet unassimilated to a warm climate. After repeated failures, and losing some men, Mr Ruxton saw the necessity of giving trial to other remedies than mercury. The disease generally set in with a smart fever, and, unless the calomel exhibited went through the bowels, the patient felt no relief: and Mr Ruxton remarked, that the neutral salts gave this relief much more perfectly than calomel. The treatment which Mr Ruxton rested on, and with which he was at length successful, was, in most cases, putting the patient on the anti-phlogistic regimen; frequently giving laxatives; and keeping up a determination to the skin. The same practice was followed in the few fresh cases which occurred in the 88th regiment at Alexandria, and in a considerable number of cases in the hospital of the 10th regiment, and some other corps. However, it must be mentioned, that to the last period some cases did occur, in all these corps, where calomel was found necessary. When the disease was of some weeks standing, and where a chronic disease occurred, calomel given in small doses proved the best and indeed only useful remedy. For a long time, we saw but little dysentery in the army. The number of cases which occurred, before we arrived in Lower Egypt, was inconsiderable.