This rhetoric, not only simpler than sophistic, but quite different in emphasis, is set forth in the terms of Cicero. Augustine has gone back four and a half centuries to the days before _declamatio_. The instruction that he draws from his analysis of Christian literature is planned upon the “instruct, win, move” (_docere_, _delectare_, _movere_) of _De oratore_ and upon the corresponding three typical styles (_genus tenue_—_medium_—_grande_) of _Orator_.[7] Evidently Augustine had the greater Cicero, not the lesser that sufficed for the Middle Age. He neither quotes nor cites any other rhetorician; and though his doctrine of aptness and of variety is common throughout the older rhetoric, for this too he had no need to go beyond the master’s two great works. Nor have any others been more persuasive as to imitation,[8] which is Augustine’s controlling idea. This first Ciceronianism, too immediately aware of the perverted imitation of style taught by sophists to fall into the archaism and redundancy of later worship of Cicero, is a penetrative recovery of Cicero’s larger meaning. Augustine’s application of the three typical styles is more just and more practically distinct than Cicero’s own. Would that all Ciceronians had been equally discerning! TABULAR VIEW OF ST. AUGUSTINE’S _DE DOCTRINA CHRISTIANA_ IV A. For learning to preach, models are more fruitful than rules i-v B. Eminent models are offered by the literature of Christian eloquence vi-viii 1. Christian eloquence not merely comparable with pagan, but distinctive. 2. Analysis of _Romans_ v. especially of climax, period, clauses, etc. 3. Analysis of _2 Corinth._ xi. 16, especially of variety. 4. Analysis of _Amos_ vi. especially of figures. C. Christian preaching must fulfil all three typical tasks of oratory summarized in Cicero’s _docere_, _delectare_, _movere_ ix-xix 1. _docere_, subordinating even _integritas_ to clearness ix-xi 2. _delectare_, necessary as a means, never an end xii-xvii 3. _movere_, to carry assent into action xviii, xix D. The three corresponding styles of oratory, Cicero’s _tenue_, _medium_, _grande_, are exemplified in the Canon xx 1. _genus tenue_ (_submissum_) in _Galatians_ iv. 21 and iii. 15 as demanding trained reasoning and memory. 2. _genus medium_ (_temperatum_) in 1 _Timothy_ v, _Romans_ xii, xiii, as rhythmical, but with cadence often sacrificed. 3. _genus grande_ in _2 Corinthians_ vi. 2, _Romans_ viii. 28, _Galatians_ iv. 10, the last without the usual stylistic means. E. They are also exemplified in St. Cyprian _Ad Cæcilium_ and _De habitu virginum_, St. Ambrose _De Spiritu_ and _De