Memoir of Roger Williams, the Founder of the State of Rhode-IslandKnowles, James D. (James Davis)
History
Memoir of Roger Williams, the Founder of the State of Rhode-Island
Knowles, James D. (James Davis)
Rhode Island -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775; Williams, Roger, 1604?-1683
We cannot narrate the incidents of this dreadful war. The Indians
suffered a severe defeat, December 19, 1675, at the capture of their
fort, situated in a swamp in the present town of South-Kingstown. In the
battle, about a thousand of the Indians are supposed to have been
killed, and about two hundred of the whites, including six captains.
Philip was finally killed, August 12, 1676, near Mount Hope, by an
Indian, under the command of Col. Church. The war now closed. It decided
the fate of the New-England Indians. The Pokanokets were nearly
exterminated. The Narragansets never recovered from the blow. Thousands
of the natives were killed, and many who were made prisoners, were sent
out of the country and sold as slaves.
But the victory was dearly bought by the colonists. Their whole
disposable force was put in requisition. Thirteen towns were entirely
destroyed by the Indians; six hundred dwelling-houses were burnt, and
about the same number of the colonists, including twelve captains, were
killed, so that almost every family lost a relative. The destruction of
property, and the cost of the war, were immense. The disbursements of
the colonies were estimated at one hundred and fifty thousand pounds
sterling.[354]
The terror and distress which this war produced may explain, if they
cannot justify, many acts of the whites. The body of Philip was treated
with an indignity, which dishonored his captors. His head was sent to
Plymouth, where it was exposed on a gibbet, and his hand was sent to
Boston. His little son was taken prisoner, and several of the divines
were of opinion, that he ought to be put to death, on the strength of
Jewish precedents; but he was spared, only to be sold as a slave in
Bermuda.
At Providence, the following occurrence took place, in August, after the
death of Philip:
“August 25. One Chuff, an Indian, so called in time of peace, because of
his surliness against the English, could scarcely come in, being wounded
some few days before, by Providence men. His wounds were corrupted and
stank, and because he had been a ring-leader all the war to most of the
mischiefs to our houses and cattle, and what English he could, the
inhabitants of the town cried out for justice against him, threatening
themselves to kill him, if the authority did not. For which reason the
Captain Roger Williams caused the drum to be beat, the town council and
council of war to be called. All called for justice and execution. The
council of war gave sentence, and he was shot to death, to the great
satisfaction of the town.”
At a town meeting, August 14, 1676, a list was made of persons “who
stayed and went not away,” and to these persons, it was judged, certain
Indians, who were captives, ought to be delivered as slaves, or
servants, for a term of years. A committee was appointed on the subject,
who presented the following report:
“_Report of the Committee on sale of Indians._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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