Because there are no references to the Pygmy Flint Age in the standard books of thirty years ago on Prehistoric Man, such as those of Boyd Dawkins, Canon Greenwell, Sir John Evans and Mr. Mortimer of Driffield, some few people are prepared to question the reality of what are called Pygmy Flints. To begin with, each of these authors referred to have within the last few years become thorough believers in Pygmy Flints as the product of mankind. This is shown by their speeches at the recent meetings of the British Association at York and elsewhere. Then let the doubtful person concerning Pygmy Flints turn to recent works on Prehistoric Man, such as Mr. Charles H. Read’s _Handbook or Guide to the Stone Age_, in the British Museum, published 1902, to Prof. Windle’s book on _Remains of Prehistoric Age in England_, published 1904, to the articles by Vincent A. Smith, late of India Civil Service, to Dr. Gatty, and other works, he will then, I think, if open to conviction, be ready to admit there is more evidence for a Pygmy race than he anticipated. HISTORICAL REFERENCE TO THE PYGMY RACES OF MANKIND If we go back to the ancients, we have the authority of Herodotus, Book II., Chapter 33, page 51, that “the Nasamonians were captured and carried off by the Pygmy Tribe and led across extensive marshes, and finally came to a town where all the men were the height of their conductors and black complexioned under the middle height.” Homer’s _Iliad_, Book III., line 9, refers to Pygmy nations. Aristotle calls them Troglodytal—which would seem to indicate that they were Cave Dwellers in that age. Homer and Aristotle both place them near the sources of the Nile. Pliny, Book VI., 19, and Philostratus, _Vit. Apoll._, Tz. III., 47, and others, place them in India, where, in modern days, many thousands of Pygmy Flints have been found. The representation of Pygmy people is frequently met with on Greek vases and Egyptian pottery. After two thousand years of literary silence about Pygmy people, modern travellers like Captain Harrison have brought over from the Ituri Forest Pygmy people, and exhibited them in all parts of England. SMALL DARK-COLOURED PEOPLE UNDER THE MIDDLE HEIGHT Major Powell Cotton, in the year 1907, gives his experience of life among the Pygmies of the Congo Forest, and describes them as “small dark-coloured people under the middle height.” Dr. A. F. R. Wollaston, also in 1907, returned to civilisation through the Congo Forest and the volcanic region of Mfumbiro, and says the tops of the extinct volcanoes are covered with dense bamboo and inhabited by a Pygmy race. In Central Mexico we have relics of a Pygmy people, the dried head of one being offered in Mr. Steven’s London auction room this year (1907). The last surviving Aztecs, a very diminutive people, we remember to have seen exhibited in Manchester thirty years ago. All these instances point to diminutive or Pygmy races of men scattered over the world.