Mendel's principles of heredity: A defenceMendel, Gregor
Science
Mendel's principles of heredity: A defence
Mendel, Gregor
Heredity; Hybridization; Mendel's law; Weldon, Walter Frank Raphael. Mendel's laws of alternative inheritance in peas
Happily, thanks to Professor Weldon, we know rather more of the third
case, that of _Telephone_, which, whether as father or mother, was
frequently found by Tschermak to give either green, greenish, or
patchwork-seeds when crossed with yellow varieties. It behaves, in
short, “like a green-seeded pea of exceptional dominance,” as we are
now told. For this dominant quality of _Telephone’s_ greenness we are
asked to account _by appeal to its ancestry_. May we not expect,
then, this _Telephone_ to be--if not a pure-bred green pea from time
immemorial--at least as pure-bred as other green peas which do _not_
exhibit dominance of green at all? Now, what is _Telephone_? Do not let
us ask too much. Ancestry takes a lot of proving. We would not reject
him “_parce qu’il n’avait que soixante & onze quartiers, & que le reste
de son arbre généalogique avait été perdu par l’injure du tems_.”
But with stupefaction we learn from Professor Weldon himself that
_Telephone_ is the very variety which he takes _as his type of a
permanent and incorrigible mongrel_, a character it thoroughly deserves.
From _Telephone_ he made his colour scale! Tschermak declares the
cotyledons to be “yellowish or whitish green, often entirely bright
yellow[151].” So little is it a thorough-bred green pea, that it cannot
always keep its own self-fertilised offspring green. Not only is this
pea a parti-coloured mongrel, but Professor Weldon himself quotes
Culverwell that as late as 1882 both _Telegraph_ and _Telephone_ “will
always come from one sort, more especially from the green variety”; and
again regarding a supposed good sample of _Telegraph_ that “Strange to
say, although the peas were taken from one lot, those sown in January
produced a great proportion of the light variety known as _Telephone_.
These were of every shade of light green up to white, and could have
been shown for either variety,” _Gard. Chron._ 1882 (2), p. 150. This
is the variety whose green, it is suggested, partially “dominates”
over the yellow of _Pois d’Auvergne_, a yellow variety which has a
clear lineage of about a century, and probably more. If, therefore,
the facts regarding _Telephone_ have any bearing on the significance
of ancestry, they point the opposite way from that in which Professor
Weldon desires to proceed.
[151] “_Speichergewebe gelblich--oder weisslich--grün, manchmal auch
vollständig hellgelb._” Tschermak (36), p. 480.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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