Produced by Jeannie Howse, Bryan Ness and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) * * * * * +-----------------------------------------------------------+ | Transcriber's Note: | | | | Inconsistent hyphenation in the original document has | | been preserved. Bolded text is marked =like so=. | | | | Obvious typographical errors have been corrected. For | | a complete list, please see the end of this document. | | | | The opinions contained in this e-book are no longer | | considered valid. | | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+ * * * * * MENTALLY DEFECTIVE CHILDREN BY ALFRED BINET AND TH. SIMON, M.D. AUTHORISED TRANSLATION BY W.B. DRUMMOND, M.B., C.M., F.R.C.P. (EDIN.) AUTHOR OF "AN INTRODUCTION TO CHILD STUDY," ETC. WITH AN APPENDIX CONTAINING THE BINET-SIMON TESTS OF INTELLIGENCE BY MARGARET DRUMMOND, M.A. AND AN INTRODUCTION BY PROFESSOR ALEXANDER DARROCH _FOURTH IMPRESSION_ LONDON EDWARD ARNOLD [_All rights reserved_] PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY BILLING AND SONS, LIMITED GUILDFORD AND ESHER INTRODUCTION The Binet-Simon tests of children's intelligence have been the subject of much discussion during the past few years, both in this country and in America. Much of this discussion seems to have been carried on, at times, without any knowledge of the original aim or purpose for which these tests were devised, and as if, so to speak, they were invented as a means for ascertaining the relative intellectual powers of all children, and so of affording to the teacher a ready and sure means of accurately classifying and grading the children under his charge. As a consequence, there is a tendency, in some quarters, to search for and to endeavour to establish some absolute standard or criterion of intelligence which shall be valid, irrespective of the nationality, or the class, or the particular environment of the child.